Quantum theory does not necessitate the breakdown of full-blown deduction. On the contrary, it comes with substantially enhanced logical reasoning power as compared to its classical counterpart. It features a codeductive mechanism besides a deductive one, resulting in a sound purely graphical calculus which admits an information-flow interpretation. (Abramsky & Coecke 2004; Coecke 2005a; 2005b;...

The article reveals linguistic aspect of modality in modern math discourse English, critically outlines a number actual problematic issues the area, such as distinction between epistemic and evidentiality marked by formal logics philosophical grounding. General reference to previous scholarly activity research proves that it is largely based on propositional aspects meaning. text corpus analysi...

The main goal of this paper is to investigate what explanatory resources Robert Brandom’s distinction between acknowledged and consequential commitments affords in relation to the problem of logical omniscience. With this distinction the importance of the doxastic perspective under consideration for the relationship between logic and norms of reasoning is emphasized, and it becomes possible to ...

■ Abstract Reasoning processes allow the human cognitive system to go beyond the information readily available in the environment. This review focuses on the processes of human thinking, including deductive reasoning, induction, mental simulation, and analogy. We survey recent trends across several areas, including categorization, mental models, cognitive development, and decision making. Our c...

Commonsense reasoning proves to be an essential tool for natural-language access to data. In a deductive approach to this problem, language processing technology translates English queries into a first-order logical form, which is regarded as a conjecture to be established by a theorem prover. Subject domain knowledge is encoded in an axiomatic theory equipped with links to appropriate database...

In spite of sequent calculus being an appealing tool for describing logical systems, its use along with nonmonotonic logics has been largely neglected. Reasons may be the hardness in implementing a context sensitive mechanism able to detect changes in the theory. This seems to brake the locality of context of sequent rules. Nevertheless, a nonmo-notonic sequent calculus may be helpful if result...

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to determine the interrater reliability and discriminant validity of Toglia's Deductive Reasoning test for individuals with brain injuries. METHOD Forty-two individuals with brain injuries and 51 participants without disabilities ranging in age from 18 to 84 years were given the Deductive Reasoning test three consecutive times. A between groups repeated...

Reasoning processes allow the human cognitive system to go beyond the information readily available in the environment. This review focuses on the processes of human thinking, including deductive reasoning, induction, mental simulation, and analogy. We survey recent trends across several areas, including categorization, mental models, cognitive development, and decision making. Our chief organi...

Deductive reasoning is the kind of reasoning in which, roughly, the truth of the input propositions (the premises) logically guarantees the truth of the output proposition (the conclusion), provided that no mistake has been made in the reasoning. The premises may be propositions that the reasoner believes or assumptions that the reasoner is exploring. Deductive reasoning contrasts with inductiv...