نتایج جستجو برای: crown size

تعداد نتایج: 573128  

2016
Yasuhiro Morisaki Ryosuke Kato Yoshiki Chujo

Phosphine is conformationally stable because of the high inversion energy barrier of the phosphorus atom, which allows the phosphorus atom to become a chiral center. Thus, enantiopure P-stereogenic 12-, 15-, 18-, and 21-membered aliphatic phosphines "diphosphacrowns" were synthesized from secondary P-stereogenic bisphosphine as a chiral building block. Their complexation behaviors with alkali m...

Journal: :Australian dental journal 1983
M Darveniza L Stevens B Adkins

Introduction A frictional fitting crown is in intimate contact with the tooth whereas a passive fitting crown has more spaces and does not resist a vertical withdrawing force. The space between the tooth and the crown has been termed the precementation space.' lt is the size of this precementation space and the technique of creating iP5 that greatly influence the seating of a crown during cemen...

2002
James S. Meadows John D. Hodges

The relationships between foliar weight/leaf area and four stem dimensions (dbh, total stem cross-sectional area, total sapwood area, and current sapwood area at breast height) were investigated in two important bottomland tree species of the southern United States, cherrybark oak (Quercus falcata var. pagodifolia EN.) and green ash (fraxinus pennsylvanica Marsh.). In all models tested and for ...

2006
Lee E. Frelich George L. Martin

Crown encroachment by trees surrounding newly formed gaps reduces their size, a fact that may cause error in area-based analyses of rate of gap formation and disturbance intensity. Generally, an estimate of proportional area occupied by age classes within a stand of trees can be obtained by determining the age of a selected canopy tree nearby each of randomly or uniformly located sample points....

Journal: :Global change biology 2017
Tommaso Jucker John Caspersen Jérôme Chave Cécile Antin Nicolas Barbier Frans Bongers Michele Dalponte Karin Y van Ewijk David I Forrester Matthias Haeni Steven I Higgins Robert J Holdaway Yoshiko Iida Craig Lorimer Peter L Marshall Stéphane Momo Glenn R Moncrieff Pierre Ploton Lourens Poorter Kassim Abd Rahman Michael Schlund Bonaventure Sonké Frank J Sterck Anna T Trugman Vladimir A Usoltsev Mark C Vanderwel Peter Waldner Beatrice M M Wedeux Christian Wirth Hannsjörg Wöll Murray Woods Wenhua Xiang Niklaus E Zimmermann David A Coomes

Remote sensing is revolutionizing the way we study forests, and recent technological advances mean we are now able - for the first time - to identify and measure the crown dimensions of individual trees from airborne imagery. Yet to make full use of these data for quantifying forest carbon stocks and dynamics, a new generation of allometric tools which have tree height and crown size at their c...

Journal: :Remote Sensing 2014
Zhen Zhen Lindi J. Quackenbush Lianjun Zhang

Region growing is frequently applied in automated individual tree crown delineation (ITCD) studies. Researchers have developed various rules for initial seed selection and stop criteria when applying the algorithm. However, research has rarely focused on the impact of tree-oriented growth order. This study implemented a marker-controlled region growing (MCRG) algorithm that considers homogeneit...

Journal: :Journal of materials science. Materials in medicine 2007
M Huang R Wang V Thompson D Rekow W O Soboyejo

This paper considers the use of bioinspired functionally graded structures in the design of dental multi-layers that are more resistant to sub-surface crack nucleation. Unlike existing dental crown restorations that give rise to high stress concentration, the functionally graded layers (between crown materials and the joins that attach them to dentin) are shown to promote significant reductions...

2017
Yu-Hao Lin Kang-Ting Tsai Karsten Grunewald

Tropical cities can use urban greening designs featuring trees that provide shade and cooling in hot outdoor environments. The cooling effect involves numerous tree characteristics that are not easy to control during planting design, such as the canopy size and the optical properties of leaves. Planting the appropriate tree species dominates the cooling effects and the human thermal environment...

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