A Cr adhesion layer inserted between Ag nanoparticles and a glass substrate, for the purpose of improving the adhesion of Ag nanoparticles to glass, was observed to cause an abnormal peak shift of extinction spectra in nonspecific reactions. The undesired peak shift misleads molecule detection in non-specific reactions. To solve this issue, a practical technique using n-propyl-trimethoxysilane-...

The objectives were to analyze the oxide layer generated between titanium and porcelain during firing and compare it in different manufacturing techniques: cast, milled and EBM-technique. Seventy two specimens were manufactured, subdivided according to surface treatment: time of passivation (P) and no time of passivation (NP) before porcelain firing. Specimens from each group were analyzed with...

The mechanical behavior of freestanding gold membranes 0.5 micron thick with and without passivation layers was studied with a membrane deflection experiment. Membrane width was varied from 2.5 to 20 microns to investigate size effects. The presence of the passivation layer had the effect of reducing the membrane strength. Yield stress, as well as fracture strain and stress, were all found to b...

The effect of ex situ hydrogen passivation process on the performance of visible hydrogenated amorphous silicon carbide ~a-SiC:H!-based p-i-n type thin-film light-emitting diodes has been investigated. An ex situ hydrogen passivation process dramatically improved the device performance; that is, the threshold voltage decreased by about 5 V, the electroluminescence ~EL! intensity increased by a ...

We consider the passivity analysis and passivation problems for event-triggered feedback interconnected systems. Based on the location of the event-triggered samplers, we consider two event-triggered control schemes respectively: event-triggered sampler of plant output and event-triggered sampler of controller output. For both schemes, we first derive the conditions to characterize the level of...

In this report, we consider a passivation method that uses an input-output transformation matrix. This matrix generalizes the commonly used methods of series, feedback and parallel (or feedforward) interconnections to passivate a system. Through an appropriate design of this matrix, positive passivity levels can be guaranteed for the system. The passivation parameters can be selected by solving...

Chemical and crystallographic defects are a reality of solar grade silicon wafers and industrial production processes. Long overlooked, phosphorus as a dopant in silicon wafers is an excellent way to mitigate recombination associated with these defects. This paper details the connection between defect recombination and solar cell terminal characteristics, for one specific case of high hole life...