This work is devoted to the study of the electrical characteristics of microhollow cathode discharges (MHCD) at moderate to high pressure in argon and air for different geometries. High-pressure glow discharges can be operated in MHCD devices with μm electrode spacing. Experiments have been performed to determine the so-called Paschen curves, i.e. the dependence of the breakdown voltage on the ...

Experimental energy measurements tend to be smaller than the predicted values in (i) the absorption of high-energy particles (in cloud chambers) and (ii) the average energy determination of the classical β -ray spectrum of radium E (using magnetic fields). To address these differences in energy measurements, we reconsider relative-velocity-dependent models in electromagnetism proposed initially...

This article reconsiders the relative-velocity-dependent approach to modeling electromagnetism that was proposed initially by Weber before data from cathode-ray-tube (CRT) experiments was available. It is shown that identifying the nonlinear, relative-velocity terms using CRT data results in a model, which not only captures standard relativistic effects in optics, high-energy particles, and gra...

In this paper we present a novel approach for capturing the environment matte of a scene. We impose no restrictions on material properties of the objects in the captured scene and exploit scene characteristics (e.g. material properties and self-shadowing) to minimize recording time and to bound the error. Using a CRT monitor, wavelet patterns are emitted onto the scene in order of importance to...

In 1982, Quisquater and Couvreur proposed an RSA variant, called RSA-CRT, based on the Chinese Remainder Theorem to speed up RSA decryption. In 1990, Wiener suggested another RSA variant, called Rebalanced-RSA, which further speeds up RSA decryption by shifting decryption costs to encryption costs. However, this approach essentially maximizes the encryption time since the public exponent e is g...

We discuss an extension to the transmission mode of the cathode-lens-equipped scanning electron microscope, enabling operation down to the lowest energies of electrons. Penetration of electrons through free-standing ultrathin films is examined along the full energy scale, and the contribution of the secondary electrons (SEs), released near the bottom surface of the sample, is shown, enhancing t...

Despite its widespread use, disagreement remains about whether the Cognitive Reflection Test (CRT) measures the ability to inhibit an intuitively appealing but incorrect response to a problem, or simply numeracy skills. We administered Chinese-language versions of the extended seven-item CRT, two widely-used numeracy scales and a set of decision-making tasks (risk preferences, ratio bias and fr...