Oral candidiasis (OC) is the most common opportunistic fungal infection among immunocompromised individuals. This systematic review and meta-analysis reports on the contribution of non-albicans Candida species in causing OC among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals in sub-Saharan Africa between 2005 and 2015. Thirteen original research articles on oral Candida infection/colo...

Fluconazole-resistant Candida albicans, a cause of recurrent oropharyngeal candidiasis in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection, has recently emerged as a cause of candidiasis in patients receiving cancer chemotherapy and marrow transplantation (MT). In this study, we performed detailed molecular analyses of a series of C. albicans isolates from an MT patient who developed dissem...

Prolonged usage of antifungal azoles which target enzymes involved in lipid biosynthesis invariably leads to the development of multi-drug resistance (MDR) in Candida albicans. We had earlier shown that membrane lipids and their fluidity are closely linked to the MDR phenomenon. In one of our recent studies involving comparative lipidomics between azole susceptible (AS) and azole resistant (AR)...

The incidence of candidemia--a common and potentially fatal nosocomial infection--has risen dramatically, and this increase has been accompanied by a shift in the infecting pathogen away from Candida albicans to treatment-resistant non-albicans species. Prophylactic azole antifungals, such as fluconazole, may play an important role not only in the management of candidemia but also in the prolif...

Background The novel echinocandin CD101 has stability properties amenable to topical formulation for use in the treatment of acute vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) and recurrent VVC (RVVC). CD101 has demonstrated potent antifungal activity at pH 7, but assessment of its activity at the physiological pH of the vaginal environment is needed. Objectives To evaluate the antifungal activity of CD101...

In the pathogenic yeast Candida albicans, the zinc cluster transcription factor Upc2p has been shown to regulate the expression of ERG11 and other genes involved in ergosterol biosynthesis upon exposure to azole antifungals. ERG11 encodes lanosterol demethylase, the target enzyme of this antifungal class. Overexpression of UPC2 reduces azole susceptibility, whereas its disruption results in hyp...

Background: Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is the most frequent fungal disorder in healthy and normal women. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate vitro antifungal susceptibility clinical isolates Candida albicans glabrata, two common candida species Iranian patients with VVC. Methods: One hundred eight candida, including; C. (n = 77) glabrata: 31) were isolated from 108 activity ca...

Background and Purpose: The incidence of invasive fungal infections has been increased in recent years. The growing use of azole drugs for prophylactic and therapeutic purposes has resulted in the gradual emergence of azole-resistant species. Accordingly, the introduction of a new strategy to improve the management of Candida infections is an urgent need. Regarding this, the present study was p...

Thirty human immunodeficiency virus-positive patients carrying Candida albicans in their oropharynx were treated with fluconazole and were monitored for 90 to 570 days. Fluconazole-resistant C. albicans (MIC, > 32 micrograms/ml) appeared only in seven patients and only after 90 days of treatment corresponding to a total dose of more than 10 g. Resistance was not associated with resistance to ot...