Spaceborne synthetic aperture radars (SARs) measure surface radar cross section (RCS) with ground resolutions from 25 to 100 m. In turn, the RCS of the ocean surface is a function of wind speed and direction. Over the past few years, we have been routinely using RCS measured by the RADARSAT SAR to compute highresolution wind speed. We have converted over 3000 wide-swath SAR RCS images, provided...

The hydrodynamic principles common to many wave power converters are reviewed via two representative systems. The first involves one or more floating bodies, and the second water oscillating in a fixed enclosure. It is shown that the prevailing basis is impedance matching and resonance, for which the typical analysis can be illustrated for a single buoy and for an oscillating water column. We t...

the era of sadradin mosa safavi (1334-1389) coincided with disintegration of the ilkhanid dynasty and the start of the fatrat period one of the most important periods in which the safavid family tried to preserve and expand their properties and possessions resorting to popular actions like building sufis’ house and monastery. during this period not only sadrodin made conscious efforts to expa...

Sea-surface geostrophic velocities for the Kuroshio region calculated from TOPEX/ POSEIDON altimetry data together with in situ oceanographic data are compared with surface velocities derived from drifting buoy trajectories. The geostrophic velocities agree well with the observed velocities, suggesting that the Kuroshio surface layer is essentially in geostrophic balance, within measurement err...

the safavid era (1501–1736 ad) was the threshold of spreading security and welfare in the iranian society. the era provided the chance for the talented to set steps for advancement. one of the characters in the history of persian medicine who achieved successes in the shadow of the existing peace and security during the safavid empire was hakim imad al-din mahmud shirazi . while he was minister...

beginning of the safavidempire, ie, the reign of ismail and tahmasp was the era of prosperity and development of calligraphy in iran. this era can be divided into three periods of approximately equal length. the first was a period of transition from timurid herat to safavid tabriz. the second period, which coincided with the first years of the reign of tahmasp and his interest in art of the boo...

the presence of european missionaries in iran was the important issue in the history of the safavid. one of the most important groups of missionaries was carmelites who came to iran to try to spread the catholic faith in this country.they came to iran during the rule of shah abbas i apparently to create an alliance between iran and the christian countries of europe against the ottoman and indee...