Bone defects often result from tumor resection, congenital malformation, trauma, fractures, surgery, or periodontitis in dentistry. Although dental implants serve as an effective treatment to recover mouth function from tooth defects, many patients do not have the adequate bone volume to build an implant. The gold standard for the reconstruction of large bone defects is the use of autogenous bo...

Bone has the natural ability to remodel and repair. Fractures and small noncritical size bone defects undergo regenerative healing via coordinated concurrent development of skeletal and vascular elements in a soft cartilage callus environment. Within this environment bone regeneration recapitulates many of the same cellular and molecular mechanisms that form embryonic bone. Angiogenesis is inti...

  Background: Massive bone allograft is an option in cases of limb preservation and reconstruction after massive benign and malignant bone tumor resection. The purpose of this study was to analyze the outcome of these procedures at Imam Reza Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. Methods: In this study, 113 cases have been presented. Eleven cases were excluded (patients has a traumat...

Regeneration of load-bearing segmental bone defects is a major challenge in trauma and orthopaedic surgery. The ideal bone graft substitute is a biomaterial that provides immediate mechanical stability, while stimulating bone regeneration to completely bridge defects over a short period. Therefore, selective laser melted porous titanium, designed and fine-tuned to tolerate full load-bearing, wa...

BACKGROUND The objective of this study was to investigate the therapeutic effects of the application of fascial flap-wrapped allogeneic bone for repair of large segmental tibial defects in rabbits and provide a theoretical basis for treatment of large segmental defects in weight-bearing bones. METHODS Forty-eight healthy adult New Zealand White (NZW) rabbits were randomized into two groups to...

Tissue Engineering (TE) and Regenerative Medicine (RM) have gained much popularity because of the tremendous prospects for the care of patients with tissue and organ defects. To overcome the common problem of donor-site morbidity of standard autologous bone grafts, we successfully combined tissue engineering techniques for the first time with the arteriovenous loop model to generate vascularize...

Bone substitutes, like calcium phosphate, are implemented more frequently in orthopaedic surgery to reconstruct critical size defects, since autograft often results in donor site morbidity and allograft can transmit diseases. A novel bone cement, based on β-tricalcium phosphate, polyethylene glycol, and trisodium citrate, was developed to allow the rapid manufacturing of scaffolds, by extrusion...

objective: the aim of present study was to evaluate the quality, density and thickness of newly formed bone in experimental defects treated with combi-pack®, bio-oss® and biostite®. materials and methods: eight new zealand white rabbits were included in this randomized,blinded study. four equal 3×6 mm bone defects were created on the frontal and parietal bones of each animal and three were imme...

BACKGROUND Today, finding an ideal biomaterial to treat the large bone defects, delayed unions and non-unions remains a challenge for orthopaedic surgeions and researchers. Several studies have been carried out on the subject of bone regeneration, each having its own advantages. The present study has been designed in vivo to evaluate the effects of cellular auto-transplantation of tail vertebra...

The objective of this study was to determine the ability of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) and fibroblast growth factor (FGF) to repair large segmental radial bone defects in rabbits. We treated calf cancellous bones with 3 mg/L BMP (Group A), 5 μg/L FGF (Group B), or 3 mg/L BMP plus 5 μg/L FGF (Group C). A bone damage model was established using healthy radii from rabbits. The complexes were...