Studying PrPC and PrPSc in cell culture systems is advantageous because such systems contain all the organelles, membranes, and molecular cofactors that are likely to play an important role in the biology of the proteins. Using cultured cells expressing PrPC, we have discovered that this isoform constitutively cycles between the cell surface and an endocytic compartment, a process that is media...

The aim of this investigation was to design and develop nanoemulsions (NEs) as novel ophthalmic delivery systems for brinzolamide (BZD). Phase behavior of quaternary systems composed of triacetin and CapryolTM 90 (selected oils, screened through the solubility studies), various surfactants (namely, Cremophor RH 40, Brij 35, Labrasol and tyloxapol), Transcutol P (as co-surfactant) an...

Organism is a multi-level and modularized complex system that is composed of numerous interwoven metabolic and regulatory networks. Functional associations and random evolutionary events in evolution result in elusive molecular, physiological, metabolic, and evolutionary relationships. It is a daunting challenge for biological studies to decipher the complex biological mechanisms and crack the ...

The main achievements in the field of genetics, biochemistry, and immunology of schizophrenia in the laboratories of European research centers are surveyed. Despite the rapid development of scientific research techniques and methodology, the abundant hypotheses on the pathogenesis of schizophrenia are riddled with so many contradictory facts that it is impossible to formulate any concrete model...