This paper proposes novel algorithms for synchronizations and time resolution improvements of One Way Propagation Time (OWPT) measurement in the 802.11 Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN). In OWPT measurement, the Mobile Station (MS) records each 802.11 Beacon frame’s arrival time. The Beacon frame’s arrival time minus its Timestamp, which is recorded when the Beacon frame is transmitted from an...

This paper presents an optimization of the power saving mechanism in the Distributed Coordination Function (DCF) in IEEE 802.11 standard. In the 802.11 power saving mode specified for DCF, time is divided into so-called beacon intervals. At the start of each beacon interval, each node in the power saving mode periodically wakes up for a duration called the ATIM Window. The nodes are required to...

Purposes Retinoblastoma (RB) is the most common primary intraocular malignancy of infancy. An alternative RB treatment protocol is proposed and tested. It is based on a photodynamic therapy (PDT) with a designed molecular beacon that specifically targets the murine double minute x (MDMX) high-expressed RB cells. Methods A MDMX mRNA triggered photodynamic molecular beacon is designed by bindin...

The catalytic beacon has emerged as a general platform for sensing metal ions and organic molecules. However, few reports have taken advantage of the true potential of catalytic beacons in signal amplification through multiple enzymatic turnovers, as existing designs require either equal concentrations of substrate and DNAzyme or an excess of DNAzyme in order to maintain efficient quenching, el...

We report a decentralized, vehicle-based extended information filter designed to enable single-beacon acoustic navigation of multiple underwater vehicles. In single-beacon navigation, ranges from a single reference beacon to a moving underwater vehicle are used in addition to the vehicle’s inertial navigation sensors to perform absolute (as opposed to relative) localization and navigation. For ...

The growing popularity of multi-threading has led to a great number of software libraries that support access by multiple threads. We present Local/Global Finite State Machines (LGFSMs) as a model for a certain class of multithreaded libraries. We have developed a tool called Beacon that does parameterized model checking of LGFSMs . We demonstrate the expressiveness of LGFSMs as models, and the...

The growing popularity of multi-threading has led to a great number of software libraries that support access by multiple threads. We present Local/Global Finite State Machines (LGFSMs) as a model for a certain class of multithreaded libraries. We have developed a tool called Beacon that does parameterized model checking of LGFSMs. We demonstrate the expressiveness of LGFSMs as models, and the ...

Many insects have an innate propensity to approach conspicuous objects. We explore how such beacon aiming determines the shape of a wood ant's habitual route. We find that a single large black cylinder within an arena biases the route taken by ants as they run from a start position at one end of the arena to reach a feeder at the other. Ants learn a stable route with the first segment of their ...

This work is motivated by robot-sensor network cooperation techniques where sensor nodes (beacons) are used as landmarks for range-only (RO) simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM). This paper presents a RO-SLAM scheme that actuates over the measurement gathering process using mechanisms that dynamically modify the rate and variety of measurements that are integrated in the SLAM filter. It...

The purpose of this investigation was to determine whether Belding's ground squirrels (Urocitellus beldingi) from areas rich in beacons perform differently in a task of spatial memory compared with squirrels from beacon-thin areas. To assess the role of environmental experience in spatial memory, wild-born squirrels with several days of experience in the field were compared with squirrels born ...