Sponges are frequently used in kitchens and have been shown to harbor large numbers of bacteria, occasionally also pathogens. Less is known about kitchen brushes regarding usage presence bacteria. In the present study, use sponges was studied a survey among 9966 European consumers ten countries, growth survival bacteria were examined laboratory experiments. preferred hand-cleaning utensils for ...

background: one ideal property of a root-end fi lling material is its apical sealing ability. the aim of this in vitro study was to assess bacterial and dye microleakage of white and gray mineral trioxide aggregate (wmta and gmta), portland cement and calcium-enriched mixture (cem) cement used as root-end fi lling material, and to assess the agreement between these two test methods. materials a...

In a comparative study of 4 bivalve species we show that the apparent widely different tolerances in survival time observed in a closed system filled with N2-gassed seawater is mainly due to the experimental conditions. Both a high dose of cadmium and the antibiotic chloramphenicol increase survival time 2to 4-fold. Without precautions for bacterial growth, the survival time of the most toleran...