from hygienic and economical point of view, drug therapy and prophylaxy in infectious diseases are of great importance. after the world war ii, a reduction in the efficacy of sulfonamide in the treatment of shigellosis was observed and later on it led to a survey on drug resistance and the way of its transmission. the aim of this survey, during which 100 cases of gram-negative bacteria were ide...

malnutrition is a common problem among nursing home residents and encompasses adverse outcomes. this study was conducted to determine malnutrition and urinary tract infections as well as antibiotic resistance of isolated bacteria at kahrisak nursing home in tehran city, capital of iran. nutritional status was determined by direct detection of kitchen, checking the menue of weekly foods, quality...

Antibiotics have increasingly lost their impact to kill bacteria efficiently during the last 10 years. The emergence and dissemination of superbugs with resistance to multiple antibiotic classes have occurred among Gram-positive and Gram-negative strains including Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterobacter...

Glucose confers acid resistance on exponentially growing bacteria by repressing formation of the cyclic AMP (cAMP)-cAMP receptor protein (CRP) complex and consequently activating acid resistance genes. Therefore, in a glucose-rich growth environment, bacteria are capable of resisting acidic stresses due to low levels of cAMP-CRP. Here we reveal a second mechanism for glucose-conferred acid resi...

this laboratory study simultaneously was conducted to evaluate the resistance to heavy metals, silver, cadmium and a number of commonly used antibiotics. sampling was done in 2014 of the two silver workshops in isfahan, and the inlet of phase 2 of shahin shahr wastewater treatment plant, isfahan. to isolate resistant bacteria to metal silver and cadmium and review multiple resistance to other m...

background: in this study, we determine the vector competence of musca domestica with reference to the transmis­sion of susceptible and resistance bacterial strains in hospitals and slaughter house in sanandaj city, west iran. methods: totally 908 houseflies were collected to isolate bacteria from their external body based on standard proce­dures.antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed ...

An inevitable side effect of the use of antibiotics is the emergence and dissemination of resistant bacteria. Most retrospective and prospective studies show that after the introduction of an antibiotic not only the level of resistance of pathogenic bacteria, but also of commensal bacteria increases. Commensal bacteria constitute a reservior of resistance genes for (potentially) pathogenic bact...

Background and Objective: Owing to the new patterns of antibiotic resistance, selection of the appropriate antibiotics for the treatment of nosocomial infections, especially gram-negative bacilli, has become a big challenge. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the antibiotic resistance of nosocomial infections with Gram-negative bacilli in Iran during the years 2012-2014. Material...