A new approach is proposed to evaluate the non-limit active earth pressure in c–? soil based on horizontal slices method and limit equilibrium method, which takes into account arching effect, displacement, mobilized friction angle, tension cracks, shear stress of layer. The accuracy was demonstrated by comparing experimental results other theoretical methods. comparison showed that appropriate ...

this paper discusses the arching effect as the formation of a stable arch in granular materials. for this aim, a developed trapdoor apparatus is designed in order to investigate the arch dimensions in term of the internal friction angle, average size and base angle of materials. observations show that for all tested granular ensembles, width and height of the arch increase with an increase in t...

Exposure to UV light can cause damage DNA strands, but also be used as a disinfectant. This study sought investigate how UV-C affected the growth rate of Begonia dregei and arching. The plants were split into 4 different treatment groups, with each group containing one Each was treated certain amount time using box before they allowed grow under ideal conditions. Once done treatment, grown in i...