This study describes the successful use of modified dorsolumbar epidural anesthesia with a fixed volume of anesthetic in a bovine referral center. Among the 130 Holstein cattle scheduled for flank surgery, 90 cattle received a mixed anesthetic consisting of 1 ml of xylazine hydrochloride and 3 ml of lidocaine hydrochloride by modified dorsolumbar epidural anesthesia. Eighteen cattle with dehydr...

With the increase in surgery done in an ambulatory surgical setting, anesthetic techniques must be evolved whereby patients awaken quickly with minimal side effects and are released home with no fear of recurring anesthetic problems. An experimental study using sufentanil in three combinations of anesthetic agents in a balanced anesthetic technique is presented. Patients (N = 60) scheduled to u...

Abdominal surgery in infants and children presents a number of unique anesthetic challenges that are reviewed in this chapter. The first section consists of a discussion of anesthetic concerns for intraabdominal procedures, especially in neonates and small infants.This discussion is general in nature, and the reader should remember that there exists a wide spectrum of patient conditions and sur...

Introduction: Mitochondrial Disorders (1/4,000 patients) are rare and caused by dysfunctional mitochondria. Anesthetic consideration in patients with involves careful preoperative perioperative observations. Objective: To provide a brief insight into how general anesthetics interfere mitochondrial energy formation pathways help form precautions for anesthesiologists when managing Disorder. Revi...

Local anesthetic systemic toxicity (LAST) is a rare but avoidable consequence of local anesthetic overdose. This article will review the mechanism of action of local anesthetic toxicity and the signs and symptoms of LAST. Due to physiologic and anatomic differences between children and adults, LAST occurs more frequently in children; particularly when 3% mepivacaine is administered. The calcula...

Epidural solutions of local anesthetics and opioids, such as bupivaCaine and fentanyl, are commonly employed for intraoperative use, labor and delivery, and postoperative analgesia. Clinicians frequently need to assemble mixtures of different concentrations from individual components. Knowing the initial and final concentrations of local anesthetic and opioid, this method allows one to quickly ...

In the present paper, a general theorem on | N̄ , pn |k summability factors of infinite series has been proved under more weaker conditions. Also we have obtained a new result concerning the | C, 1 |k summability factors.