Posttranslational regulation of protein function by acetylation is present throughout nature. Regulation of protein function by Sir2 protein (sirtuin) deacetylases is conserved in all domains of life. In the prokaryote Salmonella enterica, the metabolic enzyme acetyl-coenzyme A synthetase (Acs) is regulated by a Sir2-dependent protein acetylation/deacetylation system (SDPADS). The recent identi...

Histone acetyltransferase mortality factor 4-like 1 (MORF4L1) is a relatively new histone acetyltransferase component that exists as a homodimer to exert its epigenetic function. The mechanism of MORF4L1 self-assembly is unknown. Here we report that Lys-148 deacetylation is indispensable for facilitating MORF4L1 self-assembly into a homodimeric unit. Among a stretch of ∼10 amino acids in the NH...

The melatonin (5-methoxy-N-acetylserotonin) content and N-acetyltransferase activity of rat pineal increase rapidly in response to physical immobilization or insulin-induced hypoglycemia. Carbohydrate consumption, which causes insulin release without hypoglycemia, does not elicit these pineal responses. Prior treatment with propranolol, a beta-adrenergic blocking agent, inhibits the N-acetyltra...

Serotonin N-acetyltransferase (arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase, AANAT) is a member of the GCN5 N-acetyltransferase (GNAT) superfamily and catalyzes the penultimate step in the biosynthesis of melatonin; a large daily rhythm in AANAT activity drives the daily rhythm in circulating melatonin. We have used a structure-based computational approach to identify the first druglike and selective inh...

Cyclin D1 is overexpressed in a significant percentage of human breast cancers, particularly in those that also express the estrogen receptor (ER). We and others have demonstrated previously that experimentally overexpressed cyclin D1 can associate with the ER and stimulate its transcriptional functions in the absence of estrogen. This effect is separable from the established function of cyclin...

the aim of this study was to determine the association of n-acetyltransferase-2 polymorphisms and anti-tuberculosis drug-induced hepatotoxicity in iranian pulmonary tuberculosis patients. acetylating phenotypes was studied in 50 iranian pulmonary tuberculosis patients using metabolic ratio of plasma acetyl-isoniazid to isoniazid. the association between hepatotoxicity and the n-acetyltransferas...

In cultured hepatocytes the turnover of several mitochondrial matrix proteins (e.g. acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase) appears to be initiated by CoA-mediated, sequential transformation into CoA-modified forms. This modification favours the notion that intramitochondrial degradation by a matrix-resident ATP-dependent protease may be preceded by a specific modification by CoA. In a mitochondrial matr...

The substrate requirements and specificity of 1-alkyl-2-lyso-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (alkyllyso-GPC):acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase were investigated. The following findings were observed. 1) When the ether bond of alkyllyso-GPC is substituted with an ester linkage, the resulting compound, palmitoyllyso-GPC, can serve as a substrate, albeit at a reduced rate (50%). In addition, palmitoyllyso-...

Previous studies have shown that basal forebrain lesions using different excitotoxins produce similar decreases in cortical choline acetyltransferase, but differential effects on memory. However, basal forebrain cholinergic neurons send efferents to the amygdala and cortex. The present studies compared the effects of several excitotoxins on choline acetyltransferase levels in both of these stru...

Serotonin:acetyl coenzyme A N-acetyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.5) Activity in pineal gland was assayed in rats which were born and raised under diurnal lighting conditions, in continuous darkness, or in constant light. N-Acetyltransferase activity in the pups raised under diurnal lighting showed a rhythmic pattern, with high enzyme activity during dark period. The pups raised in continuous darkness ...