When Venturi meters are used in wet gas, the measured differential pressure is higher than it would be in gas phases flowing alone. This phenomenon is called over-reading. Eight famous over-reading correlations have been studied by many researchers under lowand high-pressure conditions, the conclusion is separated flow model and homogeneous flow model performing well both under high and low pre...

PURPOSE To assess the efficacy of novel vitreous cutter blades compared with the regular guillotine by means of particle image velocimetry. Tested blades included a regular blade (RB) and newer designs where a circular (hole blade [HB]) or a slit aperture (slit blade [SB]) had been opened proximal to the cutting edge. METHODS Twenty-three-gauge probes were immersed in BSS or egg albumen, and ...

During bronchoscopy hypoxemia is commonly found and oxygen supply can be delivered by interfaces fed with high gas flows. Recently, the high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) has been introduced for oxygen therapy in adults, but they have not been used so far during bronchoscopy in adults. Forty-five patients were randomly assigned to 3 groups receiving oxygen: 40 L/min through a Venturi mask (V40, N =...

Digital microfluidics (DMF) based on the electrowetting-on-dielectric phenomenon is a convenient way of handling microlitre-volume aliquots of solutions prior to analysis. Although it was shown to be compatible with on-line mass spectrometric detection, due to numerous technical obstacles, the implementation of DMF in conjunction with MS is still beyond the reach of many analytical laboratories...

In manufacturing systems, pick-up operations by vacuum grippers may fail owing to errors in an object’s surface that are within the allowable tolerance limits. such situations, manual interference is required resume system operation, which results considerable loss of time as well economic losses. Although have many advantages and widely used industry, it highly difficult directly monitor curre...

BACKGROUND The likely values of inspired oxygen concentration (FIO2) of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease breathing via nasal cannulas have not been assessed previously. METHODS Seven patients with chronic obstructive lung disease and seven healthy subjects were studied while breathing oxygen via nasal cannulas or fixed performance (Venturi) or uncontrolled (MC) oxygen masks...

We have assessed a Venturi driven device for delivering continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) using a reservoir bag and expiratory valve under conditions of continuous flow and simulated spontaneous breathing. The system performed well and was economical, consuming only 3.5 litre min-1 of fresh gas. One Venturi was partially blocked and performed inadequately, but the function of a second ...

This paper presents a micro-fluid gathering tool for a versatile capsular endoscope that employs a solid chemical propellant, azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN). The proposed tool consists of a micro-heater, an AIBN matrix, a Venturi tube, a reservoir, an inlet, and an outlet. The micro-heater heats the AIBN matrix to be decomposed into by-products and nitrogen gas. This nitrogen gas generates negat...