3.1 PRODUCTION OF CLEAN SYNTHESIS GAS......................................................................... 9 3.1.1 Biomass Gasification .............................................................................................. 9 3.1.2 Gas Cleanup.......................................................................................................... 10 3.2 CONVERSION OF SYNTHESIS GAS T...

The unique catalytic activity of vanadium nitrogenase suggests a new direction for the direct production of biofuels from CO with either synthetic catalysts or nitrogenase-containing bacteria. The reduction of CO by V nitrogenase to light hydrocarbons shows striking similarities to the established Fischer-Tropsch process; however, the enzyme does not use H(2) directly for this reaction. ADP=ade...

The structure-activity relations in the alumina-supported cobalt catalysts are studied at the realistic conditions of Fischer-Tropsch synthesis using in situ time-resolved XRD and catalytic measurements. Cobalt sintering during the first 3-5 h of the reaction and cobalt carbidisation at a longer time on stream (>8 h) coincide with catalyst deactivation.

The conversion of diverse non-petroleum carbon elements, such as coal, biomass, natural/shale gas, and even CO2, into cleaner hydrocarbon fuels useful chemicals relies heavily on syngas, which is a combination CO H2. Syngas conversions, have been around for almost century, will probably become more important in the production energy due to rising need liquid chemical components derived from sou...

Light olefins as one the most important building blocks in chemical industry can be produced via Fischer–Tropsch synthesis (FTS) from syngas. FT conducted at high temperature would lead to light paraffins, carbon dioxide, methane, and C5+ longer chain hydrocarbons. The present work focuses on providing a critical review olefin production using synthesis. effects of metals, promoters supports in...

The Paris Agreement’s objectives related to climate change put aviation under great pressure and environmental inspection. In particular, the industry is committed achieving a 50% reduction in CO2 emissions by 2050 compared 2005 levels. A shift alternative fuels seems imperative. International Air Transport Association (IATA) has identified production of drop-in sustainable liquid (SAFs) as mos...

Low or zero carbon fuels are crucial for maritime transportation decarbonization goals. This paper assesses potential localities biofuels (biobunkers) production in Brazil, Europe, South Africa, and United States considering geographical, logistic, economic aspects. assessment combines georeferenced techno-economic analyses to identify suitable fuel hotspots based on not only plant performance ...

We investigated the antitumor activities of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), 5'-deoxy-5-fluorouridine (5'-DFUR), 1-hexylcarbamoyl-5-fluorouracil (HCFU) and 1-(tetrahydro-2-furanyl)-5-fluorouracil (FT-207) in combination with hyperthermia in vitro. The antitumor effect of 5-FU (10(-4) M) was slightly enhanced by combination with hyperthermia (42 degrees C) for 2h, and the effect was determined to be addit...