Acute episodic breathlessness in patients receiving palliative care is a distressing symptom with little evidence-base to inform management. This pilot, double-blind, controlled, crossover study compared the effects of nebulized hydromorphone, systemic hydromorphone and nebulized saline for the relief of episodic breathlessness in advanced cancer patients. On three occasions of acute breathless...

BACKGROUND The aim of the present randomized controlled trial was to compare the outcome of 2 active treatments for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) as a consequence of war and torture: narrative exposure therapy (NET) and stress inoculation training (SIT). METHODS Twenty-eight PTSD patients who had experienced war and torture, most of them asylum seekers, received 10 treatment sessions o...

Four-month-old infants (N = 68) were tested in a paired-comparison familiarization-novelty recognition task in which the length of choice trials was systematically manipulated. Peak look duration during pretest and familiarization periods significantly predicted a dichotomous measure of recognition performance, but recognition was unaffected by choice-trial length. Heart rate (HR) was simultane...

BACKGROUND Clinical trials are a critical resource for the discovery of new prevention, diagnostic, and treatment methods for cancer. The most effective prevention and treatment modalities are based on previous clinical trial results. However, participation in clinical trials is underrepresented by racial/ethnic minority populations, Asian Americans in particular. Asian Americans are the least ...

CONTEXT Instruction can be used to alter the biomechanical movement patterns associated with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries. OBJECTIVE To determine the effects of instruction through combination (self and expert) feedback or self-feedback on lower extremity kinematics during the box-drop-jump task, running-stop-jump task, and sidestep-cutting maneuver over time in college-aged fema...

BACKGROUND Although resident physicians often teach, few trials have tested interventions to improve residents' teaching skills. A pilot trial in 2001-2002 found that 13 trained resident teachers taught better than did untrained control residents. OBJECTIVE To determine whether a longitudinal residents-as-teachers curriculum improves residents' teaching skills. DESIGN Randomized, controlled...

Educational psychologists find that prior knowledge influences new learning. We examined whether course achievement for introductory psychology students is facilitated or impaired by their prior knowledge of psychology. We administered a pretest exam to 422 students early in the semester and gathered subsequent exam scores and other measures of student achievement. Students generally performed ...

BACKGROUND The North Carolina Native American Cervical Cancer Prevention Project was a 5-year, National Cancer Institute-funded trial of health education designed to increase screening for cervical cancer among Native-American women in North Carolina. PURPOSE This study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of this education program in the Eastern-Band Cherokee target population. METH...

This study aims to identify the effect of lavender aromatherapy intervention on sleep quality breast cancer patients. The research method used is quantitative with a randomized controlled trial design control group pretest-posttest design. results showed difference in mean and after being given p-value 0.005 (p < 0.05). In conclusion, recommended as an alternative therapy improve patients.&#...