+2-00 to +2-75 dioptres of spherical hypermetropia in the more emmetropic of a pair of eyes is significantly associated with esotropia (P less than 0-001) and the presence of amblyopia (P less than 0-01). Anisometropia is not significantly associated with esotropia (P = 0-31) unless there is spherical hypermetropia of +2-00 dioptres or more in the more emmetropic eye (P less than 0-001). Hyperm...

At birth a baby’s vision is very immature, with an acuity of around 3/601,2. Visual experience in infancy and childhood has a major influence on the development of the visual pathways, particularly the visual cortex3,4. During the critical periods of visual development visual acuity develops as do other modalities such as contrast sensitivity, colour, pattern and motion perception, and binocula...

JOHANNESBURG IN ophthalmology there are two schools of thought, the physiological and the physical or mechanical school. Thus Williamson-Noble', dealing with my method of treating eyestrain, states: "curiously enough, Stutterheim designates the condition which his exercises are designed to improve as " involuntary convergence," whereas, as you will shortly see, it is the ability to perform the ...