According to Brad Hooker's rule-consequentialism, as well ordinary moral prohibitions against lying, stealing, killing, and harming others, the optimific code will include an over-riding “prevent disaster clause”. This paper explores two issues related clause. The first issue is whether clause vague—and this a problem for rule-consequentialism. I argue that on there be cases where it indetermin...

“Cloud” computing – a relatively recent term, builds on decades of research in virtualization, distributed computing, utility computing, and more recently networking, web and software services. It implies a service oriented architecture, reduced information technology overhead for the end-user, great flexibility, reduced total cost of ownership, on-demand services and many other things. This pa...

this paper considers the automatic design of fuzzy rule-basedclassification systems based on labeled data. the classification performance andinterpretability are of major importance in these systems. in this paper, weutilize the distribution of training patterns in decision subspace of each fuzzyrule to improve its initially assigned certainty grade (i.e. rule weight). ourapproach uses a punish...

In knowledge engineering research the re nement of manually developed intelligent systems is still one of the key issues. Since scoring rules are an intuitive and easy to implement knowledge representation they are suitable for the manual development of knowledge bases. In this paper, we present a conservative and a creative strategy for the re nement of scoring rule bases adapting existing rul...

In this paper certain knowledge and software engineering methods integration issues are discussed. The principal idea is to consider an effective design and implementation framework for rule design with UML, and implementation with Java. The solution proposed in the paper consists of using a custom knowledge engineering design method for rules in the design stage. The rule base is then transfor...

Database researchers have recognized that integrating a production rules facility into a database system provides a uniform mechanism for a number of advanced database features including integrity constraint enforcement, derived data maintenance, triggers, protection, version control, and others. In addition, a database system with rule processing capabilities provides a useful platform for lar...

Ranking has been widely used in many applications. A ranking scheme usually employs a "scoring rule" that assigns a final numerical value to each and every object to be ranked. A scoring rule normally involves the use of one to many scores, and it gives more weight to the scores that is more important. In this paper, we give a scheme that can combine weights into scores in a natural way. We com...

On December 14, 2012, the FDA approved Raxibacumab, the first monoclonal antibody product developed under Project BioShield to achieve this milestone, and the first biologic product to be approved through the FDA animal efficacy rule (or "Animal Rule"). Raxibacumab is approved for the treatment of adult and pediatric patients with inhalational anthrax due to Bacillus anthracis in combination wi...

Integrating a production rules facility into a database system provides a uniform mechanism for a number of advanced database features including integrity constraint enforcement, derived data maintenance, triggers, alerters, protection, version control, and others. In addition, a database system with rule processing capabilities provides a useful platform for large and e cient knowledge-base an...

In knowledge engineering research the refinement of manually developed intelligent systems is still one of the key issues. Since scoring rules are an intuitive and easy to implement knowledge representation they are suitable for the manual development of knowledge bases. In this paper, we present a conservative and a creative strategy for the refinement of scoring rule bases adapting existing r...