نتایج جستجو برای: replication efficiency
تعداد نتایج: 486750 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
Human cells are constantly exposed to environmental and endogenous agents which can induce damage to DNA. Understanding the implications of these DNA modifications in the etiology of human diseases requires the examination about how these DNA lesions block DNA replication and induce mutations in cells. All previously reported shuttle vector-based methods for investigating the cytotoxic and muta...
Simian virus 40 (SV40) is an excellent model system for investigating the cis- and trans-acting factors involved in eukaryotic DNA replication because it uses host enzymes, with the exception of the virus-encoded T-antigen (T-ag), to replicate its genome. Although its origin of replication (ori) is essential for DNA replication, there are transcriptional promoters and enhancers that affect DNA ...
It has been hypothesized that sequence variation within CTL epitopes leading to immune escape plays a role in the progression of HIV-1 infection. Only very limited data exist that address the influence of biologic characteristics of CTL epitopes on the emergence of immune escape variants and the efficiency of suppression HIV-1 by CTL. In this report, we studied the effects of HIV-1 CTL epitope ...
Eukaryotic cells must inhibit re-initiation of DNA replication at each of the thousands of origins in their genome because re-initiation can generate genomic alterations with extraordinary frequency. To minimize the probability of re-initiation from so many origins, cells use a battery of regulatory mechanisms that reduce the activity of replication initiation proteins. Given the global nature ...
Perfectionism, efficiency, and response bias in proof-reading performance: Extension and replication
Mutations that reduce the efficiency of deoxynucleoside (dN) triphosphate (dNTP) substrate utilization by the HIV-1 DNA polymerase prevent viral replication in resting cells, which contain low dNTP concentrations, but not in rapidly dividing cells such as cancer cells, which contain high levels of dNTPs. We therefore tested whether mutations in regions of the adenovirus type 5 (Ad5) DNA polymer...
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