An unusually high prevalence of pyrazinamide (PZA) monoresistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis has been observed in Quebec. In the absence of a recognized outbreak, we hypothesized that these isolates most likely represented reactivation of an old endemic strain in this low-incidence area. A case-control study of 77 PZA-resistant isolates with a specific Quebec mutation and 253 PZA-susceptible...

The commonly accepted hypothesis explaining the mechanism of action of pyrazinamide (PZA) is based on the assumption that PZA-susceptible Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains produce pyrazinamidase, which hydrolyzes PZA to the antibacterial moiety pyrazinoic acid (POA). It is not clear whether POA has specific antimicrobial activity or the inhibition of growth caused by POA is due to its ability ...

tuberculosis is one of the oldest diseases that affects humans. the cause of this disease is mycobacterium tuberculosis. this disease affects approximately 8.8 million people worldwide and led to over 3 million deaths in 1995. 95% of those affected and 98% of deaths occurred in developing countries. hepatic reactions constitute a major proportion of drug reactions to antituberculosis drugs bein...

INTRODUCTION Tuberculous meningitis (TM) causes substantial morbidity and mortality in humans. Human TM has been known to be induced by bacteria from the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC), such as M. tuberculosis and M. bovis. CASE PRESENTATION We describe a case of meningitis treated with fosfomycin, which showed partial effectiveness in an 80-year-old patient. After a lethal myocard...

Tuberculosis (TB) is both the leading cause of deaths due to an infectious disease and the leading cause of deaths due to a curable disease1. However, drug resistance1 is increasing while the pipeline of new drugs stagnates, and knowledge of existing drugs remains incomplete. Pyrazinamide (PZA) is a frontline TB drug1 whose mechanism of action remains among the most poorly understood. This Appl...

We report a case of Mycobacterium bovis BCG vertebral osteomyelitis in a 79-year-old man 2.5 years after intravesical BCG therapy for bladder cancer. The recovered isolate resembled M. tuberculosis biochemically, but resistance to pyrazinamide (PZA) rendered that diagnosis suspect. High-pressure liquid chromatographic studies confirmed the diagnosis of M. bovis BCG infection. The patient was or...

The performance of the fully automated BACTEC MGIT 960 (M960) system for the testing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis susceptibility to streptomycin (SM), isoniazid (INH), rifampin (RMP), ethambutol (EMB), and pyrazinamide (PZA) was evaluated with 100 clinical isolates and compared to that of the radiometric BACTEC 460TB (B460) system. The agar proportion method and the B460 system were used as re...

Recent increases in the dosages of the essential antituberculosis agents isoniazid (INH), rifampicin (RMP), pyrazinamide (PZA) for use in children recommended by World Health Organization have raised concerns regarding the risk of hepatotoxicity. Published data relating to the incidence and pathogenesis of antituberculosis drug-induced hepatotoxicity (ADIH), particularly in children, is reviewe...

Tuberculosis (TB) caused by members of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) complex is one of the common lung diseases, causing 3,000,000 deaths per year worldwide [1]. This global epidemic has become more dangerous due to the presence of HIV/AIDS especially in developing countries, the emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR)TB and recently described extensively drug-resistant TB [1]. Timely detecti...

A sensitive and accurate high-performance liquid-chromatography method was developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of pyrazinamide (PZA), isoniazid (INH), rifampicin (RFP) and acetylisoniazid (AcINH) in human plasma. Separation was performed on a Max-RP C(12) column using gradient elution and a flow-rate program. The mobile phase was methanol-acetonitrile-buffer (20 mM of hep...