INTRODUCTION Zolpidem is a short acting inducer of sleep and thought to lack benzodiazepine properties such as anxiolysis, anticonvulsion, muscle relaxation and side effects such as dependency. Recently, some cases of Zolpidem abuse and dependency have been reported. In review of literature, we found that the lowest reported dosage of Zolpidem, which caused dependency, was 160 mg daily. CASE ...

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a high resolution, minimally invasive imaging technique, which can produce depth-resolved cross-sectional images. In this study, OCT was used to detect changes in the optical properties of cortical tissue in vivo in mice during the induction of global (pentylenetetrazol) and focal (4-aminopyridine) seizures. Through the use of a confidence interval statisti...

Millettia thonningii, Ocinum sanctum and Securitaca longepedunculaca are used in traditional medicine in Cameroon to treat epilepsy, insomnia and headaches. Animal models of epilepsy (maximal electroshock (MES), n-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA), pentylenetetrazol (PTZ), isonicotinic hydrazide acid (INH), picrotoxine (PIC) and strychnine (STR)-induced convulsions or turning behavior were used to eval...

The convulsant activity of pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) , is mainly due to' its ability to selectively antagonize GABA mediated post synaptic inhibition in the mammalian brain though a direct excitatory effect on neuronal membranes cannot be ruled out as a contributory factor (1). Furthermore there are reports which indicate that 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) playa modulatory ro...

Objective: Epileptic seizures may cause skeletal muscle injury and memory dysfunctions. The present study was aimed to investigate the possible protective effects of exercising prior seizure on seizure-induced oxidative in brain. Materials Methods: Sprague-Dawley male rats were assigned as non-exercise (n=16) exercise groups (n=16). Following a 3-day training, protocol (30 min) performed treadm...

Background & Aims: Epilepsy is a central nervous system disorder that appears as sudden convulsions, and transient, repetitive and unpredictable movment, with sensory-motor and autonomic sources. Nowadays, patients with epilepsy use various types of chemical drugs which turn out side effects and cause drug resistance in long-term use. Ease of using herbal plants and their public acceptance have...