Certain species of Penicillium have been reported to produce the mycotoxin patulin, and research was undertaken to identify these with the use of oligonucleotide primer pairs. Species examined were found in food, plants, and soil and were reported to produce patulin. Penicillium expansum is the most commonly detected species linked to the presence of patulin in apple juice. At least 10 differen...

Penicillium spp. produce a variety of beneficial metabolites for plant growth and survival, as well as defend their hosts from attack of certain pathogens. In present study 20 Penicillium spp. culture filtrates were screened for growth activity in wheat seedlings. Germination percentage of wheat seeds was enhanced by Penicillium spp. culture extracts. Although, the most active inhibitors of see...

Subgenera and sections have traditionally been used in Penicillium classifications. In the past, this sectional classification was based on macro- and microscopic characters, and occasionally supplemented with physiological and/or extrolite data. Currently, 25 sections are accepted, largely based on phylogenetic data. Certain sections of subgenus Penicillium were never studied in detail using a...

The genus Penicillium comprises species that mostly colonize plant matter. However early reports suggest that several species are capable of parasitizing Aspergillus and sporulating on the conidial heads of the host. More recently Eupenicillium ochrosalmoneum and E. cinnamopurpureum, both with Penicillium anamorphs, have been observed sporulating on the heads of Aspergillus species belonging to...

A homeomorphism f : X → X of a compactum X with metric d is expansive if there is c > 0 such that if x, y ∈ X and x 6= y, then there is an integer n ∈ Z such that d(fn(x), fn(y)) > c. A homeomorphism f : X → X is continuum-wise expansive if there is c > 0 such that if A is a nondegenerate subcontinuum of X, then there is an integer n ∈ Z such that diam fn(A) > c. Clearly, every expansive homeom...

To evaluate the effect of fungal inoculants, a pot experiment was carried out on 30 days old transplanted seedlings of Gmelina arborea under nursery condition. Transplants were inoculated with seven day old liquid culture of Aspergillus ellipticus, Fusarium incarnatum, Aspergillus aculeatus, Aspergillus candidus, Penicillium species, Alternaria alternata, Penicillium species, Fusarium javanicum...

Plant-microbial interactive relations with respect to determine mycoflora of the Sorbus domestica L.--fruits, crust, leaves and pollen were studied in 2 Slovak regions. On the fruit samples the genera Alternaria, Botrytis, Cladosporium, Mucor and Penicillium occurred, on the leaves the genera Alternaria, Cladosporium and Penicillium prevailed and on crust the genera Alternaria, Cladosporium, Pe...

A total of 112 specimens of yellow peacock bass, Cichla kelberi, were collected in the Três Marias Reservoir, upper São Francisco River, State of Minas Gerais, between 2004 and 2005. Twelve species of parasites were collected: two species of ectoparasites (the monogenetic Gussevia sp. and the copepod Ergasilus sp.); and ten species of endoparasites, including four species of adult endoparasites...