Several studies have demonstrated unequivocally that certain nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as sodium salicylate, sulindac, ibuprofen, and flurbiprofen cause anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative effects independent of cyclooxygenase activity and prostaglandin synthesis inhibition. These effects are mediated through inhibition of certain transcription factors such as NF-ka...

Arthritis is a disabling health problem and commonly develops in the late stages of life; the condition is typically accompanied by chronic pain. For the assessment of pain severity and therapeutic effects of analgesic drugs, we recently developed a gait analysis system, which provides an index of pain severity based on walking stride disturbance. Using this system, we evaluated the therapeutic...

Correspondence: Peter v Giannoudis Academic Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Clarendon wing, Great George St, Leeds LS1 3eX, UK Tel +44113 3922750 email [email protected] Abstract: For centuries, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have been part of our clinical practice. They started out as drugs with anti-inflammatory and analgesic action, ...

The activation of the endothelial cells by extravascular stimuli is the key event in the extravasation of circulating leukocytes to target tissues. L-selectin, a member of the selectin family, is constitutively expressed by white cells, and is the molecule involved in the initial binding of leukocytes to activated endothelium. After activation, leukocytes rapidly release L-selectin from the cel...

BACKGROUND In the last decades, studies have estimated the upper gastrointestinal tract bleeding/perforation (UGIB) risk associated with individual nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Later analyses have also included the effect of patterns of NSAID use, risk factors for UGIB, and modifiers of NSAID effect. METHODS Systematic review of case-control and cohort studies on serious gas...

he use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) has progressively increased, due in part to their availability without a prescription. Gastrointestinal-related side effects of the NSAIDs have been implicated in approximately 7600 deaths and 76,000 hospitalizations annually in the USA alone (1). Such statistics have led to the pursuit of new agents to treat pain syndromes. Initially, age...

Colorectal tumorigenesis is driven by genetic alterations in the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) tumor suppressor pathway and effectively inhibited by nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). However, how NSAIDs prevent colorectal tumorigenesis has remained obscure. We found that the extrinsic apoptotic pathway and the BH3 interacting-domain death agonist (BID) are activated in adenomas f...

Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are commonly combined with intravenous morphine patient-controlled analgesia to relieve postoperative pain. NSAIDs have a documented 30-50% sparing effect on morphine consumption. However, most of the studies have not demonstrated a decrease in morphine adverse effects. A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials was performed to evaluate the ris...

The mainstay of management of inflammation and pain associated with arthritis and soft tissue injuries has been oral nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Topically applied NSAID products are not readily available in N. America for two reasons: 1) extensive studies of efficacy and toxicity by the topical route are very limited, and 2) most NSAIDs have lost their patents which makes the...

Cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2) selective nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are as effective as acetaminophen and nonselective NSAIDs in treating of osteoarthritis, and are equally effective in reducing pain and inflammation and improving of joint function for patients with rheumatoid arthritis, when compared with nonselective NSAIDs. The COX-2 selective NSAIDs also have a better gastroin...