BACKGROUND Differential diagnosis for a nodule in the nipple or subareolar area of woman includes both primary neoplasms of breast as well as those from skin and adnexae. CASE PRESENTATION A 32-year-old woman presented with a painless 0.5 cm subareolar nodule of her left nipple that she had noticed for several months, with no associated nipple discharge. A biopsy revealed an infiltrating adne...

HYPOTHESIS Resection of the nipple-areolar complex (NAC) for central breast cancers that involve the nipple or areola, with postoperative radiation therapy, adheres to the oncologic principles established for breast conservation surgery of other breast cancers. Good or excellent cosmetic results can be achieved. The rate of ipsilateral breast recurrence will be similar to that seen with periphe...

Lack of sensitivity and specificity of image-based breast cancer screening has urged the exploration of alternate screening modalities. Nipple fluid, which contains breast epithelial cells, is produced in small amounts in the breast ducts of nonlactating women and can be collected by noninvasive vacuum aspiration. After administration of nasal oxytocin, nipple aspiration yields sufficient mater...

It has been suggested that there are structurally distinct 'type A' and 'type B' ducts in human nipple. If so, properties such as their relative numbers, accessibility at the nipple surface, and relationships with the breast lobes they communicate with could have biological significance and practical relevance for the intraductal approach to breast cancer diagnosis and treatment. To investigate...

Breast hypertrophy causes medical problems ranging from back and neck pain to dermatitis creating a demand for breast reduction surgery along with aesthetic psychological reasons. Free-nipple-graft is safeguard procedure patients who are at risk nipple necrosis pedicled techniques but has disadvantage of resultant flat breasts poor projection. Study included twenty-three postmenopausal women un...

BACKGROUND We present a novel method for augmenting the standard C-V flap used for nipple reconstruction with a free dermal graft which aims to improve the appearance of the nipple reconstruction, decrease loss of projection and improve patient satisfaction overall. METHODS The surgical technique for performing a free dermal graft augmentation of a CV flap is described. All patients who unde...

A syringomatous adenoma of the nipple is a benign locally infiltrating neoplasm histologically similar to the syringoma of the skin. Morphologically similar lesions have been described as adenoma of the nipple or florid papillomatosis. Patient was a 33 year old woman who was admitted with a history of bloody nipple discharge from her right breast. With a clinical impression of Paget's disease e...

Background: Reduction mammoplasty techniques have evolved considerably. Today, aesthetically pleasing results and preservation of nipple sensation and vascularity are emphasized. Achieving the aforementioned goals for the patient with pseudoptosis remains challenging. Objective: We present 270° pedicle reduction mammoplasty as a safe and direct technique for treatment of pseudoptosis to reduce ...

BACKGROUND Mastitis is an acute, debilitating condition that occurs in approximately 20 % of breastfeeding women who experience a red, painful breast with fever. This paper describes the factors correlated with mastitis and investigates the presence of Staphylococcus aureus in women who participated in the CASTLE (Candida and Staphylococcus Transmission: Longitudinal Evaluation) study. The CAST...