Supplemental oxygen is frequently used in the treatment of infants having pulmonary insufficiency, but prolonged hyperoxia may contribute to the development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in these infants. Cytochrome P4501A enzymes have been implicated in hyperoxic lung injury. Retinoic acid (RA) plays a key role in lung development. Here, we tested the hypotheses that newborn rats exposed to a ...

Bovine viral diarrhea (BVD) is one of the most important infectious diseases in cattle, causing major economic losses worldwide. Therefore, control programs have been implemented in several countries. In Germany, an obligatory nationwide eradication program has been in force since 2011. Its centerpiece is the detection of animals persistently infected (PI) with BVD virus, primarily based on the...

The initial activation of hepatic glycogenolysis in the neonate was studied in the guinea pig. The glycogen content (58 to 70 mg/g of tissue) in liver of newborn animals remained unchanged for at least 3 h, and dropped rapidly between 4 and 6 h after birth to minimal values of 14 to 20 mg/g at 12 h. The activity of glycogen synthase a decreased by 28% to minimal values within 2 h without any ch...

A normal thyroid gland is difficult to distinguish from the surrounding tissues. Its enlargement, referred as goiter, most often found in newborn kids, less adult animals. Feeding errors, such incorrect iodine content ration or presence of goitrogens, may contribute its formation. The occurrence goiter also have a genetic basis. Mutation within TG gene leads abnormal synthesis thyroglobulin – p...

Escherichia coli is the leading cause of Gram-negative neonatal septicemia in the United States. Invasion and passage across the neonatal gut after ingestion of maternal E. coli strains produce bacteremia. In this study, we compared the virulence properties of the neonatal E. coli bacteremia clinical isolate SCB34 with the archetypal neonatal E. coli meningitis strain RS218. Whole-genome sequen...

Tumors were induced in adult and newborn rabbits by inoculation of fibroma virus. Whereas tumors completely regressed in adult rabbits by 3 weeks after virus inoculation, newborn rabbits supported tumor growth for 3 to 4 weeks. In the latter case, some animals died at this time, others survived with a gradual regression of the tumors over an additional period of 5 to 6 weeks. Virus neutralizati...

Yolk sac hematopoiesis is characterized by restricted hematopoietic cell differentiation. Although multipotent hematopoietic progenitor cells have been identified in the early yolk sac, long-term multilineage repopulating (LTMR) hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) activity has not been demonstrable before day 11 postcoitus (PC) using standard transplantation assays. In the present study, day-10 PC yo...

Merrill, David C., Jeffrey L. Segar, Oliva J. McWeeny, and Jean E. Robillard. Sympathetic responses to cardiopulmonary vagal afferent stimulation during development. Am. J. Physiol. 277 (Heart Circ. Physiol. 46): H1311–H1316, 1999.—Previous work in our laboratory has demonstrated impairment of cardiopulmonary reflex control of renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA) during the newborn period. T...

Infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (IHPS): A study of its pathophysiology utilizing the newborn 1 hph-1 mouse model of the disease 2 3 Running Title: Rho-kinase and infantile pyloric stenosis 27 28 29 30 31 Abstract 33 Infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (IHPS) is a common disease of unknown etiology. The 34 tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4)-deficient hph-1 newborn mouse has a similar phenotyp...