Cadmium is an environmental toxicant whose exposure is associated with multiple human pathologies. To prevent cadmium-induced toxicity, organisms produce a variety of detoxification molecules. In response to cadmium, the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans increases the steady-state levels of several hundred genes, including two metallothioneins, mtl-1 and mtl-2, and the cadmium-specific response g...

Previous research has shown that the medial temporal lobes (MTL) are more strongly engaged when individuals think about the future than about the present, leading to the suggestion that future projection drives MTL engagement. However, future thinking tasks often involve scene processing, leaving open the alternative possibility that scene-construction demands, rather than future projection, ar...

It is well known that MTL with integer endpoints is unable to express all of monadic first-order logic of order and metric (FO(<,+1)). Indeed, MTL is unable to express the counting modalities Cn that assert a properties holds n times in the next time interval. We show that MTL with the counting modalities, MTL+C, is expressively complete for FO(<,+1). This result strongly supports the assertion...

Multi-Task Learning (MTL) is a learning paradigm in machine learning and its aim is to leverage useful information contained in multiple related tasks to help improve the generalization performance of all the tasks. In this paper, we give a survey for MTL. First, we classify different MTL algorithms into several categories: feature learning approach, low-rank approach, task clustering approach,...

Recent research in machine learning witnessed a renewed interest in tensors. In particular, multilinear algebra has been leveraged to derive structured finite dimensional parametric models [1, 2]. In [3] these ideas have been generalized to reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces. The arising framework comprises existing problem formulations, such as tensor completion [4], as well as novel functional...

Triangle algebras are equationally defined structures that are equivalent with certain residuated lattices on a set of intervals, which are called interval-valued residuated lattices (IVRLs). Triangle algebras have been used to construct Triangle Logic (TL), a formal fuzzy logic that is sound and complete w.r.t. the class of IVRLs. In this paper, we prove that the so-called pseudo-prelinear tri...

In this issue of Neuron, Quian Quiroga et al. (2014) show that neurons in the human medial temporal lobe (MTL) follow subjects' perceptual states rather than the features of the visual input. Patients with MTL damage however have intact perceptual abilities but suffer instead from extreme forgetfulness. Thus, the reported MTL neurons could create new memories of the current perceptual state.

Research on factors associated with motivation to learn (MtL) is limited, particularly among middle-aged adults and immigrants. This study examines educational attainment, literacy skills, nativity (foreign-born vs. native-born) as predictors of MtL in living the United States. Nationally representative data between ages 40 65 years were obtained from 2012/2014 Program for International Assessm...