Research on mediation has shown that mediation can be an effective conflict management tool to contain intrastate conflicts, prevent escalation of low intensity conflicts, and foster de-escalation. But can ripe moments for conflict prevention effectively be anticipated? This article argues that the short-term conflict history provides a good predictor of the probability of mediation onset in lo...

Ethiopian politics usually faces conflicts either to bring change or after the change. A 2018 political reform aimed sustain peace among Ethiopians. Nonetheless, conflict has escalated in different regions. Military confrontations campaigned between central government and Tigray region frequently. Finally, it occurred People’s Liberation Front late 2020. Scholars debated root causes of it. Henc...

332 Franklin Boggs Pill Call circa 1944 " Soldiers suffering from malaria get their daily quota of atabrine tablets from the Medical Corps captain. Artist Boggs caught this scene in the South Pacific. " This image clearly captures the doctor, attired in his crisp uniform, clipboard in hand, dispensing medicine to protect and " conserve the fighting force. INTRODUCTION that would depart from mil...

Military nursing service during wartime represents significant contributions to a unique type of health care. The purposes of this study were to: (1) generate themes that elucidate combat nursing experiences, (2) honor nurses who served by sharing their stories, and (3) permanently archive accounts of nursing personnel who served during the Persian Gulf Wars during the late 20th and early 21st ...

Does high defence spending limit the growth of public health investment? Using comparative data from 31 OECD countries between 1980 and 2010, we find little evidence that defence crowds out public health spending. Whether measured in terms of long-term levels or short-term changes, per capita defence and health spending positively and significantly correlate. To investigate the possibility that...

This paper critically examines the literature on the interaction between population, the environment, and development. It posits that population pressure and resource scarcities are unfairly blamed for internal conflicts in Africa, Asia, and Latin America. Internal conflicts are, in fact, affected by underlying economic and political causes (international companies, development assistance age...

Promotion öf democracy in post-war and post-conflict societies became a hot topic during the 1990s. External actors Iinked their peace-building efforts to the promotion of democracy. FoUl' modes of promotion of democracy by external actors can be distinguished: first , enforcing democratization by enduring post-war occupation (mode 1); second, restoring an elected government by military interve...

OBJECTIVES To examine the profile of medical morbidity and the role of the physician in modern conflict. METHODS Retrospective survey of admission records at a British Military Field Hospital on operational duty in Southern Iraq. RESULTS 62.5% of 4870 admissions to the Field Hospital in Shaibah during the first 12 months of military operations in Iraq were under the care of physicians. Of t...