The most often used friction model for sheet metal forming simulations is the relative simple Coulomb friction model. This paper presents a more advanced friction model for large scale forming simulations based on the surface change on the micro-scale. The surface texture of a material changes when two surfaces are in contact under a normal load. This is caused by flattening due to combined nor...

Expert system can be defined as an intelligent computer program, a repository of knowledge, a set of rules, like a human consultant, all aiming at delivering accurate solutions/suggestions to a problem at any level, say during plan, design, manufacture, and quality control. Some of the important definitions are quoted here. “An expert system is a computer system used to distribute the expertise...

This study details a new method to create materials by integrating polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons into reactive transition-metal surfaces. We describe the interaction of hexabenzocoronene (1, HBC, Figure 1a) with a clean ruthenium surface. Interest in 1 and its interaction with transition-metal surfaces is driven by its relationship to the end cap of a carbon nanotube, to polynuclear aromatic...

in all engineering applications where solid surfaces slide on each other, friction plays an important role. it becomes even more important, particularly in metal forming processes where the two sliding materials are metallic. among forming processes, forging is an important process, because of improving material structure, mechanical properties and reducing production time. an inverse analysis ...