BACKGROUND In this study, we compared the effects of 3% hypertonic saline (HTS) and 20% mannitol on brain relaxation during supratentorial brain tumor surgery, intensive care unit (ICU) stays, and hospital days. METHODS This prospective, randomized, and double-blind study included patients who were selected for elective craniotomy for supratentorial brain tumors. Patients received either 160 ...

D-Mannitol is the predominant carbon compound in conidiospores of the filamentous fungus Aspergillus niger and makes up 10 to 15% of the dry weight. A number of physiological functions have been ascribed to mannitol, including serving as a reserve carbon source, as an antioxidant, and to store reducing power. In this study, we cloned and characterized the A. niger mpdA gene, which encodes manni...

We studied the ability of Cryptococcus neoformans to produce the hexitol D-mannitol in vitro and in rabbits with experimental meningitis. Twelve of twelve human isolates of C. neoformans produced D-mannitol in yeast nitrogen base plus 1% glucose and released D-mannitol into the medium. In a pilot study, pooled cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from cortisone-treated rabbits given 3 x 10(7) C. neoforman...

The commercial production of mannitol involves high-pressure hydrogenation of fructose using a nickel catalyst, a costly process. Mannitol can be produced through fermentation by microorganisms. Currently, a few Lactobacillus strains are used to develop an efficient process for mannitol bioproduction; most of the strains produce mannitol from fructose with other products. An approach toward imp...

Carum copticum L. is a medicinal plant of the Apiaceae family with medicinal properties. In this study, the effects of drought stress on the photosynthetic pigments and essential oils as well as the enzymatic and non-enzymatic mechanisms of the seedlings and callus of C. copticum were investigated within the framework of a controlled experiment under in vitro conditions. For this purpose, the s...

Of 40 polyploid strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae screened for growth on D-mannitol (5%, w/v), half grew well (5-20 mg dry biomass ml-1). Certain of these strains were unable to grow on low concentrations of mannitol (1-2%, w/v) and others, initially unable to grow on mannitol, exhibited long-term adaptation to growth. An NAD+-dependent D-mannitol dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.67) was detected in m...

A celery petiole phloem cDNA library was constructed and used to identify a cDNA that gives Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells the ability to grow on mannitol and transport radiolabeled mannitol in a manner consistent with a proton symport mechanism. This cDNA was named AgMaT1 (Apium graveolens mannitol transporter 1). The expression profile in source leaves and phloem was in agreement with a role ...

BACKGROUND The aim of life-support measures in brain-dead donors is to preserve the functional value of their organs. In renal transplantation, serum creatinine level is one of the criteria for graft harvest. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of intensive care on donor renal function through two criteria: preharvesting serum creatinine level above 120 micromol/L and the elevation o...

Until the introduction of intravenous mannitol therapy, treatment for ciguatera was only symptomatic and supportive. Mannitol was first used in the Marshall Islands (Palafox et al., 1988) and soon after in Australia (Pearn et al., 1989). These studies both reported dramatic and sustained improvement in many of the victims of ciguatera. Specifically mannitol appeared to reduce the duration and s...

INTRODUCTION: Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) requires the use of an irrigating fluid to remove blood and debris to visualize the operating area. Glycine solution is the most commonly used irrigant & has been used in TURP for > 50years. There is now increasing evidence, highlighting the toxicity of glycine 1.5% solution when absorbed during TURP causing TUR syndrome. On the other...