The equivalence ratio ranges were found between 22.77 and 42.93 for the Saudi LPG/air mixture using a traditional Bunsen burner. An operation problem was with burner mixture, especially in lean mixture. Therefore, successfully modified to overcome limits of different mixtures stable flame obtained. 0.68 1.30 A premixed used MATLAB algorithm applied image processing measurement laminar burning v...

In today’s world safety and security plays an important role, hence we tend to provide a good safety and security system while travelling. Vehicles are important in today’s fast-paced society. Hence, acquiring a vehicle nowadays is considered a necessity, compared to the past where it was considered a luxury. In this thriving society, more and more vehicles are produced to meet the increasing d...

A simple method that incorporates coupling between bath and system and between individual bath modes is proposed. In Ž . the new locally propagating gaussian LPG approximation, the bath is modeled by Gaussians at each system site that propagate in time. Each site couples to others by the overlap of their Gaussians. In a test case with weak but non-negligible coupling, LPG is nearly as rapid as ...

We report on the investigation of the sensing features of the Long-Period fiber Gratings (LPGs) fabricated in hollow core photonic crystal fibers (HC-PCFs) by the pressure assisted Electric Arc Discharge (EAD) technique. In particular, the characterization of the LPG in terms of shift in resonant wavelengths and changes in attenuation band depth to the environmental parameters: strain, temperat...

The deployment of next-generation renewable biofuels can be enhanced by improving their compatibility with the current infrastructure for transportation, storage and utilization. Propane, the bulk component of liquid petroleum gas, is an appealing target as it already has a global market. In addition, it is a gas under standard conditions, but can easily be liquefied. This allows the fuel to im...

Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) is an important urban gas source in China. Before supplied to customers by pipeline supply systems, LPG is stored in tanks in LPG vaporization stations. Designers usually decide the number and the size of storage tanks by their experience during constructions of vaporization stations. These decisions are usually not best and most economical. To solve the problem, a...

The practice of inhaling liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) to commit suicide is uncommon and almost exclusively a prerogative of the prison population. Numerous cases of sudden deaths caused by intentional propane and/or butane inhalation have been described, but these cases survived and a description of the consequences is very rare. We describe a prisoner who survived after voluntary inhalation o...

INTRODUCTION More than 95% of the population in Burkina Faso uses some form of solid biomass fuel. When these fuels are burned in traditional, inefficient stoves, pollutant levels within and outside the home can be very high. This can have important consequences for both health and climate change. Thus, the push to switch to cleaner burning fuels is advantageous. However, there are several cons...

Critical Exposure Time and Population Density for Cost Effective Application of Thermal Protection on LPG Road Tankers Sarah Bonvicini, Giacomo Antonioni, Valerio Cozzani, A. Michael Birk Dep. of Civil, Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, Alma Mater Studiorum – Università di Bologna, via Terracini, 28, 40136 Bologna, Italy Dep of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, McLaughlin H...