thetic agent in pediatric practice, with the well-known benefits of smooth induction characteristics, antiemetic effect, rapid recovery and pleasant emergence. The drug appears to have a wide margin of safety and is less likely to cause significant hypotension than in the elderly population. With the exception of concerns that have been raised with its use for long-term sedation in the pediatri...

PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy of EMLA (eutectic mixture of local anesthetics, 2.5% lidocaine and 2.5% prilocaine) cream in reducing discomfort from pressure applied by rubber dam clamp. METHODS A consecutive sample of 31 patients, ages 6 to 12 years who presented for sealants from September 2002 through March 2003, participated in this within-subjects contr...

The comprehensive treatment of pain is multidimodal, with pharmacotherapy playing a key role. An effective therapy for pain depends on the intensity and type of pain, the patients' age, comorbidities, and appropriate choice of analgesic, its dose and route of administration. This review is aimed at presenting current knowledge on analgesics administered by transdermal and topical routes for phy...