Research of the past decade has increased our understanding of the role adipose tissue plays in health and disease. Adipose tissue is now recognized as a highly active metabolic and endocrine organ. Adipocytes are of importance in buffering the daily influx of dietary fat and exert autocrine, paracrine and/or endocrine effects by secreting a variety of adipokines. The normal function of adipose...

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES The high level of metabolic activity present in visceral adipose tissue is associated with the development of atherothrombosis. Subcutaneous adipose tissue secretes larger quantities of the adipocytokines leptin and adiponectin than visceral adipose tissue. Epicardial adipose tissue secretes inflammatory mediators, and the resulting proinflammatory activity is greate...

Background: Adipose tissue is a main source for isolation of equine mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) at different ages. It seems that characteristics of adipose-derived MSCs especially gene expression profile are changing along with age increase. A proper reference gene is required for normalizing data in gene expression analysis by qRT-PCR. This study aimed to evaluate whether GAPDH has a stable ...

introduction perforation of maxillary sinus mucous membrane is of the most prevalent complication during open sinus lift surgery. moreover, such complication can usually be managed by an absorbable membrane. as far as absorbable membranes are concerned, decellularized maxillary sinus mucous membranes, which is an extracellular matrix, can be used as a biologic scaffold and insulating membrane i...

Chronic Caffeine Ingestion Down-Regulates Liver and Visceral Adipose Tissue Inflammatory Gene Expression in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity

Apolipoprotein E (apoE) is a multifunctional protein that is highly expressed in human and murine adipose tissue. Endogenous adipocyte apoE expression influences adipocyte triglyceride turnover and modulates the expression of genes involved in lipid synthesis and oxidation. We now demonstrate the regulation of adipose tissue apoE expression by nutritional status in lean and obese mice. Obesity ...

Adipose tissue is a complex, essential, and highly active metabolic and endocrine organ. Besides adipocytes, adipose tissue contains connective tissue matrix, nerve tissue, stromovascular cells, and immune cells. Together these components function as an integrated unit. Adipose tissue not only responds to afferent signals from traditional hormone systems and the central nervous system but also ...

Obesity is strongly associated with metabolic syndrome. Recent research suggests that excess adipose tissue plays an important role in development of the syndrome. On the other hand, persons with a deficiency of adipose tissue (e.g. lipodystrophy) also manifest the metabolic syndrome. In some animal models, expansion of adipose tissue pools mitigates adverse metabolic components (e.g. insulin r...