To investigate the possibility of transmural recording of repolarization through the ventricular wall, KCl monophasic action potential (MAP) electrodes positioned along plunge needles were developed and tested. The MAP electrode consists of a silver wire surrounded by agarose gel containing KCl, which slowly eluted into the adjacent tissue to depolarize it. In six dogs, a plunge needle containi...

We measured the concentration of calmodulin required to reverse inhibition by caldesmon of actin-activated myosin MgATPase activity, in a model smooth-muscle thin-filament system, reconstituted in vitro from purified vascular smooth-muscle actin, tropomyosin and caldesmon. At 37 degrees C in buffer containing 120 mM-KCl, 4 microM-Ca2+-calmodulin produced a half-maximal reversal of caldesmon inh...

PURPOSE To determine whether lacrimal and salivary gland nerves of an animal model of Sjögren's syndrome, the MRL/lpr mouse, are able to release acetylcholine. The second purpose was to determine whether activation of the lacrimal gland nerves of the MRL/lpr mouse leads to protein secretion. METHODS Total saliva was collected for 10 minutes from the oral cavity of male and female MRL/lpr and ...

Prunella vulgaris L. is an important medicinal plant with a variety of pharmacological activities, but limited information is available about its response to potassium chloride (KCl) supplementation. P. vulgaris seedlings were cultured in media with four different KCl levels (0, 1.00, 6.00 and 40.00 mM). Characteristics relating to the growth, foliar potassium, water and chlorophyll content, ph...

Black gram (Vigna mungo L.) is a popular pulse crop that seriously affected by drought stress. A study was conducted to explore the changes associated with carbohydrates, osmolytes and antioxidants tolerance in black exogenous application of Validamycin A, Pink-pigmented facultative methylotrophic bacteria (PPFM) Potassium chloride (KCl). The experiment had eight treatments: Control (C), (VM-A)...

Conductivity of molten alkali metal chlorides is the foundation molten-salt electrolysis process. In study, equilibrium molecular dynamics was performed to investigate ionic conductivities chloride binary systems. The calculated values were in good agreement with experimental results. Simple databases for conductivity have been built based on verified algorithm. Mathematic expressions vs. tempe...

Sea Urchin is one of the most useful tools in developmental biology studies because this organism has the simplest kind of developmental stages. We aimed to determine developmental stages and timetable of Echinometra mathaei embryo (the species of Persian Gulf). The spawning of E. mathaei was induced by 0.5M KCl injection (1ml) into the coelomic cavity. After fertilization, embryos wer...

This study was performed to achieve abortion in a short time and with minimum side effects in a bitch, as an alternative method for termination of unwanted pregnancy. The experimentation was performed on 10 privately owned crossbred pregnant bitches, in their late second trimester of pregnancy, having a variable number of fetuses (3 to 9). Fetal death was induced by transabdominal intracardiac ...