To protect against risks arising from fluctuations in spot prices and better manage risk, investors might evaluate futures markets. The role of price discovery the markets possibility reducing certain increase importance researching relationship between prices. This study aims to determine whether there is a Bitcoin this end, two analyzed using Johansen Cointegration analysis Vector Error Corre...

abstract comparison of food prices in different periods, indicates fluctuations and continually upward trend. any change in agricultural sector variables, as main food supplier, will affect food price. productivity shocks and production gap are examples of such variables. in this paper ,hodrick prescott and kalman filters are used as generators of productivity shocks and production gap series. ...

this paper divulges the long term relationship among earning, investment and dividends from 2000 to 2011. empirical evidence was collected to explore the modigliani and miller theory of dividend irrelevance. data was collected from all the sectors but it was ensured that firms did not have negative data of earnings as it is earnings which are either transformed into investment or dividends. mul...

The global aim to achieve sustainable food, economic growth and development is desired by all stakeholders around the world. of this study was examine relationship between food sustainability, TVET development. Using Central Bank Nigeria Data, Vector Autoregression used test among series yearly agricultural output technical service sector in from 1982 2021. Johansen Cointegration Test for conve...

The paper analyzes cointegration in vector autoregressive processes (VARs) for the cases when both number of coordinates, N, and time periods, T, are large same order. We propose a way to examine VAR order 1 presence based on modification Johansen likelihood ratio test. advantage our procedure over original test its finite sample corrections is that does not suffer from overrejection. This achi...

This paper investigates limit theory for the likelihood analysis of an I(2) cointegrated vector autoregressive (VAR) model in the presence of deterministic shifts. A log likelihood ratio (logLR) test statistic for integration indices is considered, and it is demonstrated that the asymptotic distribution of the statistic is given in the form of a generalised Dicky-Fuller type distribution. A log...

In this paper, we study a smooth-transition type of nonlinear cointegration among a dynamic system, in which the proposed definition nests Engle and Granger (1987)’s linear cointegration. Based on the Smooth Transition Autoregressive (STAR) models, a triangular representation for the nonlinearly cointegrated system is introduced. Furthermore, two tests for nonlinear cointegration are derived in...

This study deals with the relationship between population aging and economic growth in Turkey during 1970-2018 includes domestic savings, consumption expenditures, financial development specification as additional variables. The Johansen ARDL bounds test for cointegration analysis were used. Moreover, DOLS CCR estimators used to estimate long-run coefficients. VECM causality procedure was emplo...

The aim of this study is firstly to examine the relationship between economic growth and foreign trade, which one most important issues in literature economics, secondly raise alternative policy proposals related Turkey's economy. Economic growth, export import 1980 2019 Turkey have been selected as variables for research. Johansen cointegration test was used models based on growth-export growt...