SMUTZ, E. R., E. H1RSCH AND H. L. JACOBS. Caloric compensation in hypothalamic obese rats. PHYSIOL. BEHAV. 14(3) 305-309, 1975. The present study explored the influence of pelleted diets on adjustment to caloric dilution in hypothalamic obese rats. Medial hypothalamic lesioned and normal rats were maintained on a high fat diet until the static stage of hyperphagia was reached, They were given t...

Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) regulates leptin signaling in hypothalamic neurons via the JAK2-STAT3 pathway. PTP1B has also been implicated in the regulation of inflammation in the periphery. However, the role of PTP1B in hypothalamic inflammation, which is induced by a high-fat diet (HFD), remains to be elucidated. Here, we showed that STAT3 phosphorylation (p-STAT3) was increased in...

Hypothalamic endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is a key mechanism leading to obesity. Here, we demonstrate that ceramides induce lipotoxicity and hypothalamic ER stress, leading to sympathetic inhibition, reduced brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenesis, and weight gain. Genetic overexpression of the chaperone GRP78/BiP (glucose-regulated protein 78 kDa/binding immunoglobulin protein) in the ve...

Extra ventricular neurocytoma (EVN) is a rare brain tumor with histologic features similar with a central neurocytoma, but located outside of the ventricular system. In this study, we present an unusual case of hypothalamic EVN in a 14-year-old patient. The patient underwent subtotal removal and had tumor relapse. The patient was then treated using intensity modulated radiation therapy, and the...

objective: orexin is a hypothalamic orexigenic neuropeptide, which third cerebral injection of it mainly exerts inhibitory effects on reproductive functions. it increases significantly the aromatase (cyp19) gene expression in the hypothalamus of male rats. aromatase is an enzyme which converts androgens to estradiol in the hypothalamus of rats. prenatal or neonatal exposure of females to testos...

This review aims at defining the neuroendocrine mechanisms underlying sport-induced restrictions of reproductive axis in female athletes. Episodic gonadotropin release was found to be compromised, presumably a result impaired hypothalamic pulsatile GnRH release. Any deviation from optimal may suboptimal function ovaries, leading disorders menstrual cycle and ovulation. A whole spectrum dysfunct...

Patients with hypopituitarism develop a phenotype similar to metabolic syndrome with central obesity and diabetes. Similarly, patients with hypothalamic damage may develop central obesity, insulin resistance, and hyperphagia. We sought to examine the clinical associations between hypopituitarism, hypothalamic dysfunction, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). A case series of patients s...

OBJECTIVES : The purpose of this study was to determine: 1. The spatial pattern of c-fos gene expression in rat hypothalamic neurons after exposure to NMS and 2. The expression of c-fos gene after combined exposure to NMS and EHF irradiation of the rat skin. METHODS : The experiments were performed on 28 male adult Sprague-Dawley rats. After rats were subjected to noxious mechanical stimulation...

Hypothalamic inflammation induced by high-fat feeding causes insulin and leptin resistance and contributes to the pathogenesis of obesity. Since in vitro exposure to saturated fatty acids causes inflammation and insulin resistance in many cultured cell types, we determined how cultured hypothalamic neurons respond to this stimulus. Two murine hypothalamic neuronal cell cultures, N43/5 and GT1-7...