We studied the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of nelfinavir administered 2 or 3 times per day to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected children receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy containing nelfinavir. The geometric mean trough concentrations of nelfinavir for the thrice- and twice-daily regimens were 1.55 mg/L and 1.11 mg/L, respectively (P=not significant). N...

This review describes patterns of mortality among adults infected with HIV in the UK and assesses the contributions of late diagnosis of HIV infection and non-HIV-related disease to such mortality. In total, 387 adults with HIV who died between 1 October 2004 and 30 September 2005 after receiving care at 90 clinical centres in the UK were reviewed. Causes of death and scenarios accounting for d...

Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) can reduce plasma HIV-1 levels to below the detection limit. However, due to the latent reservoir in resting CD4(+) cells, HAART is not curative. Elimination of this reservoir is critical to curing HIV-1 infection. Agents that reactivate latent HIV-1 through nonspecific T cell activation are toxic. Here we demonstrate in a primary CD4(+) T cell model...

By 2015, it is estimated that nearly half of those living with HIV in the US will be 50 years of age and older. This dramatic change in the demographics of this clinical population represents unique challenges for patients, health care providers, and society-at-large. Fortunately, because of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and healthy lifestyle choices, it is now possible for many ...

OBJECTIVE Because a centre effect can sometimes exist in HIV treatment, we sought to measure the heterogeneity of French hospital departments delivering HIV care and to test the presence of such an effect on adherence and response to highly active antiretroviral therapy. METHODS The ANRS-EN12-VESPA study is a nationally representative 2-stage cross-sectional survey conducted in France in 2003...

BACKGROUND In clinical and cohort research, mortality estimates are often derived from manual reports generated by physicians or electronic reports from vital event registries. We examined the rate of underreporting of deaths by manual methods as compared with electronic reports from a vital event registry. METHODS The retrospective analyses included deaths among participants registered in an...

There is a global Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) epidemic. It is estimated that the total number of people living with Human Immune deficiency Virus (HIV) is 33.2 million in the year 2007. An estimated 2.1 million people died from AIDS in 2007. As highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) becomes more widely used, the side effects of this regime are becoming more evident in clini...

More than 1 million individuals in the United States are HIV positive, with greater than 40,000 new patients being diagnosed per year. With the advent of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), HIV-infected patients in the United States are living longer. HIV-infected patients receiving HAART now more commonly have noninfectious and nonopportunistic complications of their disease. This re...

OBJECTIVES To compare genotypic and phenotypic HIV-1 drug resistance assays. METHODS Protease inhibitor (PI) susceptibility was phenotypically analysed in HIV-1 isolates and recombinant viruses expressing proteases from viral isolates. Two genotypic interpretation methods were carried out in parallel. RESULTS Entirely concordant resistance levels were shown in 5/10 (50%) highly active anti-...

BACKGROUND By the end of 2009 an estimated 2.5 million children worldwide were living with HIV-1, mostly as a consequence of vertical transmission, and more than 90% of these children live in sub-Saharan Africa. In 2008 the World Health Organization (WHO), recommended early initiation of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) to all HIV infected infants diagnosed within the first year of ...