Measurement of femtoscale displacements in the ultrasonic frequency range is attractive for advanced material characterization and sensing, yet major challenges remain in their reliable transduction using non-optical modalities, which can dramatically reduce the size and complexity of the transducer assembly. Here we demonstrate femtoscale displacement transduction using an AlGaN/GaN heterojunc...

Guanidinoacetic acid (GAA) is the natural biosynthetic precursor of creatine, in a metabolic reaction that requires only a methyl group transfer. The use of GAA as a food additive for restoring creatine load in human tissues is rather unexplored and data on efficacy and safety are limited. In particular, an increase in serum homocysteine after GAA administration can be regarded as critical and ...

Triple heterojunction (THJ) tunneling field-effect transistors (TFETs) have been proposed to resolve the low ON-current challenge of TFETs. However, design space for THJ-TFETs is limited by fabrication challenges with respect device dimensions and material interfaces. This work shows that original THJ-TFET 12-nm body thickness has poor performance because its subthreshold swing (SS) 50 mV/decad...

This paper presents an analytical model for the potential distribution of a p-n-i-n tunneling field effect transistor (TFET). Using the potential distribution, the tunneling drain current is derived analytically by integrating the band-to-band tunneling generation rate over the device volume. According to our knowledge, there is no analytical analysis for this structure in the literature, and t...

Graphene is a promising candidate material for high-speed and ultra-broadband photodetectors. However, graphene-based photodetectors suffer from low photoreponsivity and I(light)/I(dark) ratios due to their negligible-gap nature and small optical absorption. Here, a new type of graphene/InAs nanowire (NW) vertically stacked heterojunction infrared photodetector is reported, with a large photore...

The semi-essential nutrient creatine is an important molecule in the cellular energy metabolism for short term energy storage. Energy from surplus adenosine tri-phosphate (ATP) can quickly be overtaken by creatine and vice versa. Supplemental guanidino acetic acid (GAA) is a natural precursor of creatine and might be used as creatine source. Either no (negative control), 0.20, 0.40, or 0.60 g/k...

SLC16A12 is a recently identified creatine transporter of unknown physiological function. A heterozygous mutation in the human gene causes juvenile cataracts and reduced plasma guanidinoacetate (GAA) levels with an increased fractional urinary excretion GAA. Our study transgenic SLC16A12-deficient rats reveals that critical for tubular reabsorption GAA kidney. data furthermore indicate dominant...

A fraction of the body's creatine and creatine phosphate spontaneously degrades to creatinine, which is excreted by the kidneys. In humans, this amounts to approximately 1-2 g/day and demands a comparable rate of de novo creatine synthesis. This is a two-step process in which l-arginine:glycine amidinotransferase (AGAT) catalyzes the conversion of glycine and arginine to ornithine and guanidino...

Most chronic renal failure (CRF) patients show low serum concentrations of guanidinoacetic acid (GAA). In this study, the author investigated the impaired metabolism of GAA in CRF focusing on the transformation of arginine (Arg) to GAA by analyzing CRF rabbits using 14C-Arg. The CRF group which consisted of 6 CRF rabbits, was compared with 6 normal rabbits (normal group). Blood samples were obt...