In the past, it was common practice to relate low birthweight to prematurity. However, a number of environmental, maternal, placental, and fetal factors have been recognized as causing intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) in babies who are small-for-gestational-age (SGA). In the more affluent societies, one-third of the low birthweight babies are SGA. Yet in communities where protein-energy m...

We investigated the relationship between protein and tryptophan intake and the adverse-effect-level of di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP). Growth retardation of young rats due to DEHP was strengthened by increasing protein level. The addition of tryptophan to the diet caused extreme increases in the nicotinamide formation, but no growth retardation was observed.

background: b-thalassemia major is a serious medical problem. growth retardation is commonly seen in poly-transfused b- thalassemia patients. the exact mechanism of short stature in children with thalassemia major is not well understood, however, it is believed to be multi-factorial. objective: to study the growth state and its relationship to growth hormone (gh) deficiency in b-thalassemia pat...

  Introduction Renal tubular acidosis (RTA) is a non-uremic defects of urinary acidification. It is characterized by a normal anion gap hyperchloremic  metabolic acidosis; plasma potassium may be normal, low or high-depending on the type of RTA. These syndromes differ from uremic acidosis which is associated with a high anion gap, decreased glomerular filtration with enhanced proton secretion b...