We studied the effect of constitutive expression of pathogenesis-related proteins (PRs) in tobacco plants on vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhiza. Tobacco lines genetically transformed to express various PRs constitutively under the control of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter of tobacco were examined. Immunoblot analysis and activity measurements demonstrated high levels of expression of th...

BACKGROUND Killer yeasts have been used to combat contaminating wild yeasts in food, to control pathogenic fungi in plants, and in the medical field, to develop novel antimycotics for the treatment of human and animal fungal infections. Among these killer yeasts, Tetrapisispora phaffii (formerly known as Kluyveromyces phaffii) secretes a glycoprotein known as Kpkt that is lethal to spoilage yea...

1. A cellobiohydrolase component was isolated from a Penicillium funiculosum cellulase preparation by chromatography on DEAE-Sephadex, and purified by isoelectric focusing. 2. Purified in this way, the enzyme was homogeneous as judged by electrophoresis on sodium dodecyl sulphate/polyacrylamide gels and isoelectric focusing in polyacrylamide gels. 3. Acting in isolation, the enzyme had little h...

This study optimized the fermentation conditions for producing glucanase from Burkholderia pyrrocinia B1213 using Jiuzao, a residue Baijiu distillation, as carbon source. The effects of Jiuzao particle size and concentration, type nitrogen source, urea initial pH, inoculum size, loading volume, shaking speed, temperature, surfactant incubation time on production by B. were investigated separate...

potato (solanum tuberosum l.) an agro-economically important food crop in the world, is sensitive to many fungal pathogens including rhizoctonia solani (ag-3), the causal agent of stem and root rot diseases. chitinase and glucanase are cell wall degrading enzymes which have been shown to have high antifungal activity against a wide range of phytopathogenic fungi. in the present study, plasmid p...

Avocado is an important tropical fruit with high commercial value, but has a relatively short storage life. In this study, the effects of cold shock treatment (CST) on shelf life of naturally ripened and ethylene-ripened avocado fruits were investigated. Fruits were immersed in ice water for 30 min, then subjected to natural or ethylene-induced ripening. Fruit color; firmness; respiration rate;...

Hyphal walls of Aspergillus phoenicis and Sclerotium rolfsii are composed of large amounts of glucose- and N-acetylhexosamine-containing polysaccharides, and the walls are extensively digested by streptomycete culture filtrates or by a mixture of purified chitinase and beta-(1 --> 3) glucanase preparations with the release of the monomeric units. A. phoenicis conidial walls also contain polymer...

The Nelson-Somogyi (NS) and 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS) assays for reducing sugars are widely used in measurements of carbohydrase activities against different polysaccharides. Using twelve commercial enzyme preparations, the comparison of the NS and DNS assays in determination of cellulase, β-glucanase, xylanase, and β-mannanase activities was carried out. When cellulase activities against...

ABSTRACT The PaEXG2 gene, encoding an exo-beta-1,3-glucanase, was isolated from the biocontrol agent Pichia anomala strain K. PaEXG2 has the capacity for coding an acidic protein of 427 amino acids with a predicted molecular weight of 45.7 kDa, a calculated pI of 4.7, and one potential N-glycosylation site. PaEXG2 was disrupted by the insertion of the URA3 marker gene, encoding orotidine monoph...

Claviceps fusiformis usually produces a stable viscous glucan during submerged culture fermentations. A new strain 139/2/1 G of the fungus, which subsequently autolysed this glucan to glucose, was studied and the autolysis ascribed to a constitutive PI -+ 3 glucanase and a P-glucosidase which were detected as soon as the fungal hyphae differentiated to a sclerotial form. The glucanase productio...