Liquid film thickness measurements under temperature-varying conditions in a two-phase flow are of great importance to refining our understanding of two-phase flows. In order to overcome the limitations of the conventional electrical means of measuring the thickness of a liquid film, this study proposes a three-electrode conductance method, with the device fabricated on a flexible printed circu...

The electrochemical analysis of tetracycline was investigated using nickel-implanted boron-doped diamond thin film electrode by cyclic voltammetry and amperometry with a flow injection system. Cyclic voltammetry was used to study the electrochemical oxidation of tetracycline. Comparison experiments were carried out using as-deposited boron-doped diamond thin film electrode (BDD). Nickel-implant...

A submicroscale flow sensor has been developed that consists of a suspended hot film and carbon nanotube (CNT) fins. Flow measurement experiments, together with a theoretical model, revealed the advantages of the use of CNT fins. The suspended metal film reduces heat loss and the CNT fins enhance the heat transfer to the fluid flow. Herein, the working principle of the CNT fins is presented in ...

Digital fringe projection (DFP) profilometry has been widely used to generate threedimensional (3D) surface information. In this work, a novel 3D shape measurement system based on DFP technique is proposed for accurate and quick thin film/rivulet flow measurement. The key concept of the technique is making use of digital image correlation (DIC) algorithm to direct calculate the projected grid p...

Although the cardinal attribute of turbulence is the velocity fluctuations, these fluctuations have been ignored in theories of the frictional drag of turbulent flows. Our goal is to test a new theory that links the frictional drag to the spectral exponent α, a property of the velocity fluctuations in a flow. We use a soap-film channel wherein for the first time the value of α can be switched b...

An analytical model has been developed for the study of turbulent film condensation from downward flowing vapors onto a horizontal elliptical tube with variable wall temperature. The interfacial shear at the vapor condensate film is evaluated with the help of Colburn analogy. The condensate film flow and local/or mean heat transfer characteristics from a horizontal elliptical tube with nonunifo...

We describe a spatial pattern arising from the nonuniform evaporation of a colloidal film. Immediately after the film deposition, an obstacle is positioned above its free surface, minimizing evaporation at this location. In a first stage, the film dries everywhere but under the obstacle, where a liquid region remains. Subsequently, this liquid region evaporates near its boundaries with the dry ...

The analysis of grease-lubricaled rolling element bearings i s presented. Exferimen tally determined flow curaes for grease are found to be well correlated by the Herschel-Bdkley model flow eqzration. A theory for predicting roller Jilm thickness based on the assumed flow model i s derived. Experimental results show that grease will deveIop a larger film lhickness lhan the grease base oil at ji...

The industrial practice of curtain coating, used in a vast number of applications, involves a liquid film falling vertically to coat a solid surface passed underneath at high speed. This solid surface may either be dry prior to reaching the liquid film making contact or be pre-wetted by a thin liquid film, depending upon the nature of the application. Above some critical speed, dependent upon t...

Introduction: The image quality as well as film speed is influenced by the film processing conditions. Different combinations of films and processing methods affect the diagnostic accu-racy. Temperature and developer exhaustion result in different image quality. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of film type and processing conditions on caries detec-tion.  Material a...