traditionally, capoeta populations from the southern caspian sea basin have been considered as capoeta capoeta gracilis. study on the phylogenetic relationship of capoeta species using mitochondrial cytochrome b gene sequences show that capoeta population from the southern caspian sea basin is distinct species and receive well support (posterior probability of 100%). based on the tree topologie...

Oil production from tight oil reservoirs has become economically feasible because of the combination horizontal drilling and multistage hydraulic fracturing. Optimal fracture design plays a critical role in successful economical reservoir. However, many complex parameters such as spacing half-length make fracturing treatments costly uncertain. To improve design, it is essential to determine rea...