to praise and worship the god is an essential part of abrahamic religions (e.g., judaism, christianity, and islam); but in islam, this religious practice, in form of praying (salat) is a cornerstone of muslims everyday life. in spite of religious importance of praying and the emphasize of islamic jurisprudence (fiqhe) on it, in real sphere of muslims life, especially in iran as a islamic countr...

The tragic Paris terrorist attacks of November 13, 2015 sparked a massive global discussion on Twitter and other social media, with millions of tweets in the first few hours after the attacks. Most of these tweets were condemning the attacks and showing support for Parisians. One of the trending debates related to the attacks concerned possible association between Muslims and terrorism, which r...

In the post-Suharto Reformasi era, Chinese Indonesians are enjoying new freedom to express their culture. The ethnic Chinese number around three million, making up about 1.5% of the nation’s population (Suryadinata 2004c: vii). Chinese Muslims constitute a minority religious group within this minority ethnic group, and little research has been done on them. Jacobsen (2005) puts forward a pessim...

This article surveys the ethnobotany of Ziziphus spina-christi (L.) Desf. in the Middle East from various aspects: historical, religious, philological, literary, linguistic, as well as pharmacological, among Muslims, Jews, and Christians. It is suggested that this is the only tree species considered "holy" by Muslims (all the individuals of the species are sanctified by religion) in addition to...