In the past few years, audience response technology (ART) has been widely adopted on college campuses, and is especially popular among instructors of large lecture classes. Claims regarding ART’s benefits to students have received only limited empirical evaluation, and prior studies exhibit methodological limitations. The current study provides a multi-dimensional evaluation, utilizing a newly-...

Scientific theory evolves through phases. Scientists observe phenomena, classify their observations, examine and explain causation, and attempt to understand their results in varied circumstances. If anomalies are found that do not mesh with the theory, revision occurs, and the theory is improved (Christensen, Carlile, & Sundahl, 2001). Each stage requires accurate and precise measurement and, ...

i ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This thesis would not be possible without the input, help, and unending support of a large number of people. Firstly, I owe many thanks to my thesis committee, Professors Webb, O'Donnell, and Darling, for their academic and scientific support over the past years. Thanks also to Professor Sharon Elkins for serving as the College's representative to my defense. To all the membe...

Acknowledgments First, I would like to thank my adviser, Don Elmore, for all of his excellent advice about science, grad school, and life in general. Thank you for letting me join your lab, for forgiving my terrible jokes, and for helping me figure out what I want to do with my life. Thank you for being one of the people that has made my (somewhat brief) time at Wellesley so memorable. I would ...

Microglia are highly dynamic components of the innate immune system. In this issue of Neuron, Elmore et al. (2014) report that global depletion of microglia triggers mobilization of latent microglial progenitors throughout the CNS, resulting in rapid repopulation.

In this paper, we present a parallel algorithm running on a shared memory multi-processor workstation for timing driven standard cell layout. The proposed algorithm is based on POPINS2.0 [13] and consists of three phases. First, we get an initial placement by a hierarchical timing-driven mincut placement algorithm. At the top level of partitioning hierarchy, we perform one step of bi-partitioni...

Facial expressions are a key index of emotion. They have consistent correlation with self-reported emotion (Keltner, 1995; Rosenberg & Ekman, 1994; Ekman & Rosenberg, in press) and emotion-related central and peripheral physiology (Davidson, Ekman, Saron, Senulis, & Friesen, 1990; Fox & Davidson, 1988; Levenson, Ekman, & Friesen, 1990). They putatively share similar underlying dimensions with s...

A feed-forward, supervised, multi-layer perceptron Artificial Neural Network (ANN) was developed to test the following hypothesis: An ANN can be developed to successfully forecast thunderstorm activity up to 24 hours in advance, and with a spatial accuracy of 20-km, wherein ANN inputs include selected output from (1) deterministic mesoscale Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) models, and from (2...

Although artificial stream restoration for improved fisheries habitat has been in vogue for at least a century, these endeavors have been insufficiently studied, and failures and successes inadequately demonstrated (Hall and Baker 1982, Platts and Nelson 1985, Platts and Rinne 1985, Beschta and Platts 1986, Elmore and Kauffman 1994). The lack of data has occurred at a time when native fish popu...

Analysis of Elmore delay in RC trees suggests that low-delay routing trees should trade oo cost and radius according to net size and interconnect technology. Previous approaches 2, 3, 8, 13] begin with a depth-rst traversal of T M and insert shortest paths as needed to maintain a prescribed radius bound. In contrast, our ALG1 (and ALG2) directly combine the recurrences for Prim's MST algorithm ...