Visual analogical mapping and transfer can be used to derive a structural model of a drawing by analogy, and, moreover, the problem of analogical mapping can be guided by using functional knowledge. We view the interpretation drawings of designs as deriving a structural model of the components and connections of the depicted device. This problem is not deductive in nature but, rather, it is abd...

A visibility drawing of a plane graph G is a drawing of G where each vertex is drawn as a horizontal line segment and each edge is drawn as a vertical line segment such that the line segments use only grid points as their endpoints. The area of a visibility drawing is the area of the smallest rectangle on the grid which encloses the drawing. A minimum-area visibility drawing of a plane graph G ...

This paper reports on the analysis of the signals sent by accelerometers fixed on the axles of a vehicle which passes over a bridge. The length of the bridge is divided into some parts and the transmissibility measurement is applied to the signals recorded by two following instrumented axles. As the transmissibility procedure is performed on the divided signals, the method is called Short Time ...

A new deformable shape model is defined with the following properties: (1) A-priori knowledge describes shapes not only by statistical variation of a fixed structure like active shape/appearance model but also by variability of structure using a production system. (2) Multi-resolution description of shape structures enable more constrained statistical variation of shape as the model evolves in ...

Can the presence of molecular-tilt order significantly affect the shapes of lipid bilayer membranes, particularly membrane shapes with narrow necks? Motivated by the propensity for tilt order and the common occurrence of narrow necks in the intermediate stages of biological processes such as endocytosis and vesicle trafficking, we examine how tilt order inhibits the formation of necks in the eq...

The topic of amodal completion has often been investigated by using partly occluded shapes that are regular. In research that has typically been done with displays such as these regular shapes, it has been shown that global aspects of a shape can determine completion. To see how robust these global influences in the completion process are, we investigated quasi-regular shapes, ie shapes with a ...

The process of developing architectural forms has greatly been changed by advances in digital technology, especially in design tools and applications. In recent years, the advent of graphical scripting languages in the design process has profoundly affected 3D modeling. Scripting languages help develop algorithms and geometrical grammar of shapes based on their constituent parameters. This stud...

Membranous structures that are composed of particles with in-plane C2 group symmetry are studied. Starting from a singleconstituent energy it is derived that the relevant invariants for description of such systems are the mean curvature and the curvature deviator; the energy of the system can be expressed in a simple and transparent form by these two invariants while their average values span t...

The spatial pattern of reflected light carries detailed but ambiguous information about 3D shapes of illuminated objects. A little studied factor that affects the perceived 3D relief of 2D shaded figures is the shape of their contours. An experiment is reported in which 102 subjects matched twelve contoured grating displays (horizontal three-cycle gratings with variously shaped top and bottom c...

An existing coupon compression fixture was modified for testing cylindrical coupon samples of pultruded material in compression. Then a new fixture was developed for testing full-size structural shapes, which presents all the advantages of the coupon fixture. Particularly, splitting of the end of the sample is prevented while reducing the stress concentration factor at the ends, yielding compre...