Disinformation has become a global problem affecting mass media, governments and citizens globally. Besides the loss of trust in media its weakening influence, exposure to all manner messages on social recent years paved way for disinformation, which considerable challenge journalism. According 2022 Edelman Trust Barometer, Spain is one countries most concerned about this phenomenon (Edelman, 2...

Trust lies at the heart of disinformation crisis, as citizens must decide which narratives to follow and whether accept “alternative truths.” Therefore, trust in institutions that publish reliable information can act a shield against disinformation. This comparative study investigates role news media political actors general attitudes toward democracy willingness spread (i.e., likes, shares, or...

Can residents of Ukraine discern between pro-Kremlin disinformation and true statements? Moreover, which claims are more likely to be believed, by audiences? We present the results from two surveys carried out in 2019—one online other face-to-face—that address these questions Ukraine, where Russian government its supporters have heavily targeted campaigns. find that, on average, respondents can...

The study’s purpose is to systematically review the scholarly literature about disinformation on social media, a space with enhanced concerns nurturing propaganda and conspiracies. systematic methodology was applied analyze 264 peer-reviewed articles published from 2010 2020, extracted Web of Science core collection database. Descriptive bibliometric analysis techniques were used document findi...

The article focuses on disinformation in the information space. At beginning of article, term “disinformation” was characterised and its types were presented. Also presented are principles combating this negative phenomenon, with particular emphasis CRAAP test. This test can be successfully used at various stages education order to present students what they should pay attention while searching...

Abstract Artificial intelligence (AI) systems are playing an overarching role in the disinformation phenomenon our world is currently facing. Such boost problem not only by increasing opportunities to create realistic AI-generated fake content, but also, and essentially, facilitating dissemination of a targeted audience at scale malicious stakeholders. This situation entails multiple ethical hu...