The purposes of the study were to identify the prevalence of defining characteristics (DC) of decreased cardiac output (DCO) in patients with cardiac insufficiency under evaluation for heart transplantation, and to ascertain the likelihood of defining characteristics being predictive factors for the existence of reduction in cardiac output. Data was obtained by retrospective documental analysis...

Here, two new designs of CMOS digitally controlled oscillators (DCO) for low power application have been proposed. First design has been implemented with one driving strength controlled delay cell and with two NAND gates used as inverters. The second design with one delay cell and by two NOR gates is presented. The proposed circuits have been simulated in spice with 0.35 μm (micrometer) technol...

The cores of the ADPLL-based frequency synthesizer are digital controlled oscillator (DCO) and phase frequency detector (PFD). A modified digitally controlled delay element (DCDE) with characteristics of its monotonicity and insensitivity to PVT variations is presented for the DCO design. We also proposed a new PFD architecture that can finish phase and frequency comparison and adjustment in on...

Digitally controlled oscillator (DCO) form the core of all digital phase locked loop (ADPLL).Nowadays portable batteries play a vital role in communication systems, hence low power circuits with reduced hardware are important. These criterions are satisfied by the proposed architecture. Different DCO designs with 3T NAND and 3T NOR gates as inverters proposed along with the result of 3T XOR and...

This article presents a low power digital controlled oscillator (DCO) with an ultra duty cycle correction (DCC) scheme. The DCO the complementary cross-coupled topology uses controllable tail resistor to improve current efficiency. A robust scheme is introduced replace self-biased inverters save further. proposed implemented in Semiconductor Manufacturing International Corporation (SMIC) 40 nm ...

Forty-four patients with newly discovered biopsy-proven pulmonary sarcoidosis in roentgenographic stage II (adenopathy and interstitial abnormalities) who also had abnormal pulmonary function (TLC and/or DCO less than 80 percent predicted) were assigned in alternate sequence to either a daily or alternate day prednisone treatment protocol. Both groups showed statistically significant improvemen...

Interstellar dark clouds are the sites of star formation. Their main component, dihydrogen exists under two states, ortho and para. H2 is supposed to form in the ortho:para ratio (OPR) of 3:1 and to subsequently decay to almost pure para–H2 (OPR ≤ 0.001). Only if the H2 OPR is low enough, will deuteration enrichment, as observed in the cores of these clouds, be efficient. The second condition f...

Sensitivity to carrier frequency offset (CFO) is one of the biggest drawbacks of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system. A lot of CFO estimation algorithms had been studied for compensation of CFO in OFDM system. However, with the adoption of direct-conversion architecture (DCA), which introduces additional impairments such as dc offset (DCO) and in-phase/quadrature (I/Q) imba...

The first definite discoveries of extragalactic deuterium are reported. DCO has been detected in three and DCN has been measured in one star-forming region of the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC). While the HCO/DCO abundance ratios are found to be 19± 3, 24 ± 4, and 67 ± 18 for N113, N44BC and N159HW, respectively, a HCN/DCN abundance ratio of 23 ± 5 is obtained for N113. These results are consiste...