نتایج جستجو برای: corruption and immorality
تعداد نتایج: 16829305 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
Administrative Corruption is including the crimes and problems which all governments seek to fight against it. The administrative corruption subgroup crimes are among white-collar crimes with their particular complexities and the various methods of commission. The origins of such crimes often are the employee’s personal abuse of public resources and taking advantage of the dark and opaque asp...
Background and Purpose: More than a third of the world’s population lack access to essential medicines, despite the presence of several international agreements that proclaim health as a human right. Corruption, in its many forms, such as bribery and embezzlement, causes several detrimental effects on the health sector and access to medicines including economic, health, and government ima...
Substantial research has considered numerous causes and correlates of corruption. Also, there have been many studies of the consequences of various forms of uncertainty. However, exploration of the nexus between economic uncertainty and corruption appears scarce. After providing a simple intuitive and heuristic linkage between general economic uncertainty and corruption, this paper uses a large...
مطالعه حاضر با استفاده از دادههای تلفیقی شاخص درک فساد مالی، شاخص نشاندهندهی آزادی اقتصادی و نرخ رشد اقتصادی، تأثیر فساد مالی بر رشد اقتصادی را در قالب یک مدل پانل دیتای پویا به روش گشتاورهای تعمیمیافته (gmm)، در نمونهی 156تایی از کشورهای جهان و در دورهی زمانی 2000- ۲۰11 بررسی نموده است. نتایج در رابطه با دستهبندی کشورها نشان میدهد که در کشورهای با آزادی اقتصادی بالا، رابطهی شاخص درک ...
Memory corruption vulnerabilities are endemic to unsafe languages, such as C, and they can even be found in safe languages that themselves are implemented in unsafe languages or linked with libraries implemented in unsafe languages. Robust compilation mitigates the threat of linking with memory-unsafe libraries. The source language is a Clike language, enriched with a notion of a component whic...
Recent scholarly attention has focused on weak governance and the negative effects of corruption on the provision of health services. Employing agency theory, this article discusses corruption in the South African health sector. We used a combination of research methods and triangulated data from three sources: Auditor-General of South Africa reports for each province covering a 9-year period; ...
Corruption is defined in an occupational choice model as extra fees that must be paid by some entrepreneurs. Higher corruption leads to lower wages and total output. Income inequality follows a Kuznets relationship with both corruption and income. Two types of decentralization of the bribe-setters are distinguished, regional and bureaucratic. When mobility is imperfect, bureaucratic decentraliz...
Corruption, Networking and Foreign Ownership: Recent Evidence from CEE Countries The present paper argues that the effect of corruption on foreign ownership is not necessarily linear and depends on the level of host corruption. So long as the expected returns from foreign investments exceed its expected costs, higher host corruption will be associated with higher foreign ownership. However, cos...
This essay explores the nature, causes, and consequences of corruption as it pertains to entire regimes. Grand corruption is modeled as a type of unproductive rent-seeking at the highest levels of government. The economic costs of corruption are assumed to increase in the decentralization (and relaxation) of its governance, increase convexly in the percentage extracted, and decreasing in the op...
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