This article continues the series of publications on universal evolution ancient civilization and its sub-civilizations deals with characteristics socio-economic social structures in a classical polis, their interrelationships contradictions example Athens. The author considers various changes power-property relations role traditional clusters governing groups under expansion democratic institu...

beneficence as a principle is one of the definite jurisprudential rules and a disclaimer of civil liability of the individual in terms of the loss enforced upon others during acts of collective good. this shall necessitate that beneficence include both subjective and practical good simultaneously. as regards beneficence to an individual other, it is necessary that the act itself be wasteful or ...

The concept of teacher efficacy has received significant attention in educational contexts in the recent years and has been empirically probed at 2 levels: individual teacher efficacy and collective teacher efficacy. Having their origins in the social cognitive theory, teacher and collective efficacy perceptions are quite distinct constructs, each affecting educational decisions and student ach...

Abstract In this article, we reconceptualize, using an extended discrete and dynamic Ostrom's classification, the specific intellectual property (IP) regimes that support geographical indications (GIs) as ‘knowledge commons’, e.g. a set of shared collective knowledge resources constituting complex ecosystem created by group people has remained subject to social dilemma. Geographical names are u...

The members of the Committee appointed to examine the dissertation of RONG CHEN find it satisfactory and recommend that it be accepted. Chair ii ACKNOWLEDGMENT Above all, I would like to thank Dr. Krishnamoorthy Sivakumar, who for the last four and half years has been my advisor. Dr. Sivakumar guided me in the research work, gave me support when I need it the most, also taught me a lot how to b...

The article reviews issues related to the copyright protection of computer programs and games. Attention was paid concept intellectual property legal management collective copyrights rights. Selected history development are presented. games status a game in context were also discussed.

During the last two centuries, property understood as an exclusive and unlimited dominion became common sense. Before, idea of a fiduciary relationship, which is still present in contemporary social constitutionalism, was closely linked to view that exercise freedom entails capacity shape those rights channel socioeconomic life. Today, new ways operationalise such approach must be found. This a...

The focus for the Centre is research into individual and strategic decision-making using a combination of theoretical and experimental methods. On the theory side, members of the Centre investigate individual choice under uncertainty, cooperative and non-cooperative game theory, as well as theories of psychology, bounded rationality and evolutionary game theory. Members of the Centre have appli...

This article presents a case of using property rights to govern land use in the high country of New Zealand’s South Island. It tells the story of a land reform policy and its implementation over two decades, through changes in rules and governing parties. It observes land reform outcomes that are surprisingly favourable to pastoral leaseholders, and surprisingly unfavourable to the Crown. It th...