The homeodomain transcription factor, NANOG, along with OCT3/4 (POU5F1) and SOX2, is part of the core set of transcription factors that maintain embryonic stem cell self-renewal and pluripotency. Expression of NANOG has been detected in fetal germ cells and in gonadal germ cell tumors. To assess the diagnostic utility of NANOG in central nervous system (CNS) germ cell tumors, we analyzed its ex...

Pediatric ependymoma (EPN) is the third most common central nervous system (CNS) tumor, with 90% arising intracranially. Management typically involves maximal surgical resection and radiotherapy, but patients’ outcome poor. Moreover, there are only a few therapeutical options available for recurrent or refractory disease. In this report, we present case of 7-year-old girl relapsed multifocal gr...

Background: About half of all brain tumors are primary, and the remainder are metastatic. Tumors of the nervous system have unique characteristics that set them apart from neoplastic processes elsewhere in the body. The World Health Organization (WHO) has classified central nervous system (CNS) tumors as grades I to IV in increasing order of malignancy. The goal of this study was to follow the...

Abstract One of the key challenges in development CAR-T therapy is absence target antigens that are tumor-specific and have homogenous expression. To safely glioblastoma-associated (GAAs) tumor without attacking normal tissue expressing same GAAs outside brain, we adapted a novel synthetic Notch (synNotch) receptor system established “prime kill” sequential two-receptor CAR circuit. We used gli...